Design And Analysis On Semi-Quantum Authentication Protocols

With the rapid development of quantum computation and quantum information,quantum technology has become a new research focus.Since the existing quantum devices are expensive and they are sometimes inconvenient to carry,the concept of"semi-quantum" and its applications have emerged as the times require.With the emergence of more and more semi-quantum communication protocols,the semi-quantum authentication protocol has received more and more attention as an effective means to ensure the reliability of the identity of the protocol participants and the accuracy of the messages transmitted during the protocol.Based on W states and GHZ-Like states,one complete set of semi-quantum authentication protocols including a semi-quantum message authentication protocol,a semi-quantum identity authentication protocol,and a semi-quantum signature scheme are proposed.The specific research work is as follows:Based on the teleportation of W states and the confidentiality of one-way Hash function,a semi-quantum message authentication protocol is designed,in which two participants finish the message transmission with the teleportation of W states and the von Neumann measurement and complete the message authentication by one-way Hash function.The results of security analysis show that the proposed semi-quantum message authentication can effectively resist the impersonation attack,the repudiation attack,the intercept attack,and the unconditional security can be guaranteed under ideal conditions.A semi-quantum identity authentication is proposed based on the teleportation of W states and the entanglement correlation of GHZ-like states,in which two participants transmit the message with the proposed semi-quantum message authentication protocol to guarantee the accuracy of the message and complete the identity authentication of each other by the entanglement correlation of GHZ-like state and the one-way Hash function.The security analysis results show that the proposed semi-quantum identity authentication not only can resist general attacks like the impersonation attack,the repudiation attack and so on,but also can resist the collective attack by computing the rate of noise tolerance.Based on the teleportation and the entanglement correlation of W states and the semi-quantum key distribution protocol,a semi-quantum bi-signature scheme is designed,in which the teleportation of W states is used to transmit the message and the entanglement correlation of W states and the semi-quantum key distribution protocol are utilized to complete the process that two quantum participants finish their signatures on the same message and one classical participant verify the signatures.The security analysis outcomes show that the proposed semi-quantum bi-signature scheme can effectively resist the repudiation attack,the impersonation attack,the intercept-resend attack,and the entangle-measure attack.