Design And Implementation Of Automatic Rainfall Monitoring And Rainwater Harvesting System

Water is the foundation of our life.The earth is called the blue planet because water accounts for 70.8%of the total surface area of the world.However,less than 1%of the land can be supplied to the earth,and 0.31%of the groundwater is a source of large amounts of domestic water.The karst water storage in Yunnan Province and Guizhou Province in southwest China is extremely rich,but due to the limitations of natural conditions and slow socio-economic development,the current development efficiency of groundwater is still relatively low.Under the influence of increasing socio-economic pollution and global warming,the quality and quantity of groundwater have been seriously affected.It is urgent to study the supply of groundwater.This project designed a rainfall monitoring and automatic sampling system to monitor and record rainfall in real time.Another set of cave drip monitoring system monitors and records the drip rate of water droplets in the cave.The comparative analysis of the samples collected by the two systems enables the calculation of the geological structure through which the rainfall passes.They provide a scientific basis for the study of regional groundwater recharge and its model establishment.The monitoring sampling part has good popularization and application value,and can be applied to the automatic sampling of various waters such as spring water,sloping ground water and runoff water after a slight improvement.This system can mainly achieve the following functions:The first is to monitor the rainfall and record the work for a long time.The second is to have the GSM short message function,which can transmit the rain information back to the terminal mobile phone in real time.The third is that the system has automatic sampling function.The sampling mode is divided into heavy rain and light rain mode.According to the actual weather setting,the heavy rain mode can record and monitor the whole field rainfall,and it is required to collect one set of data for one day,during which the number of rain buckets reaches the set value.The system automatically changes the bottle.When a set of data is collected,the system also changes the bottle.In the light rain mode,the sample can be collected according to the needs of the researcher.It is usually required to obtain a set of data for 10 days.The recorded information includes the number of rainwater buckets collected,the bottle number of the sample,the number of rainwater trips,and the time of sampling.In order to accurately reflect the actual geological structure,the mechanical design uses a closed structure to block air and light,and add paraffin oil to the sample bottle to prevent the collected water sample from breeding bacteria to change the water quality structure.Fourth,use the host computer to set the working mode and data acquisition.The fifth is to use low-power power management technology.This design takes the STM32F103 in the Cotex-M3 chip as the core.For the monitoring of rainfall,the traditional high-resolution tipping rain gauge is used.The data backhaul uses the industrial mature SIM800A module to wirelessly transmit data to the mobile terminal.Automatic sampling changes the way the traditional sample box rotates.A mechanical rotating part is designed.The part has a conical shape and a water conduit extends from the bottom.The motor rotates the part to realize the bottle changing operation.The design has a 25-piece design.The rectangular slotted positioning plate cooperates with the infrared pair tube to realize the positioning function.The number of sample collections can be increased by the design of the water separator.In terms of data storage,the external W25Q64 chip is used to quickly store data through the SPI protocol,and the data reading and writing is stable and fast.The system power supply part adopts a switching power supply to achieve the lowest power consumption by designing a low-power power supply for each module.For the mechanical design of the equipment,considering the sealing and corrosion resistance,it is closed with a 304 stainless steel metal box.The partition design is used to complete the connection and disassembly between the zones using the cassette and nut.Finally,the upper computer is designed,and the ESP8266 chip is used as the WIFI module to realize the data interaction between the host computer and the controller.