Research And Realization Of Rainfall Monitoring And Automatic Sampling System

There are many rivers in the karst areas of southwest my country,which have a huge impact on the local geology and landforms.The typical phenomenon is the rocky desertification caused by soil erosion,which greatly affects the lives of local people.As one of the important water sources,natural precipitation is of great significance to study its hydrochemical characteristics and microbial activity characteristics for analyzing the phenomenon of rocky desertification^[1].The research design of the thesis will focus on the national special project"Evolution of Rocky Desertification and Comprehensive Control Technology and Demonstration in Karst Fault Basin"to meet the needs of research work.In this paper,a set of rainfall monitoring and automatic sampling system is designed to realize the monitoring record and automatic sampling of rainfall information.By sending the monitoring sampling data and rainwater samples to the researchers for analysis,a set of local geological model is constructed,and then according to the model,the local geological model is constructed.Water resources are properly deployed.The rainfall monitoring and automatic sampling system designed according to the project requirements has the following five functional modules:automatic sampling module,rainfall monitoring module,power management module,data communication interaction module and embedded control system module.The automatic sampling function is one of the cores and innovations of the mechanical part of the system.It stores the water samples collected by the sensor into the corresponding sample bottles according to the different sampling times to provide samples for researchers.A rotating water diversion device is designed here.The shaft of the device is controlled by a low-speed motor and cooperates with the positioning sub-function.When it reaches a suitable position,it is stationary.It is realized by a positioning disc with a hollow positioning groove and a photosensitive paired tube,which improves the positioning accuracy;the water separation function converts the sample bottle placed in the 5th-order square matrix structure into a small funnel arranged in a ring,and the water sample is passed through the small funnel.The latex tube is sent to the sample bottle,which improves the utilization of space^[4].The rainfall monitoring function adopts the tipping bucket rain sensor to realize the monitoring of rainfall information^[2].The data storage function is to store the rainfall detection data and automatic sampling data in the FLASH memory chip through the SPI hardware communication technology,which is convenient for researchers to obtain.The power management function uses low-power power technology to achieve low-power operation of the device,and uses the maximum power point tracking technology to charge the battery with photovoltaic panels to ensure that the system can work for a long time under unattended conditions.The data communication interaction function adopts WIFI technology,which can realize functions such as reading FLASH stored data and configuring device parameters.Finally,an embedded control circuit board equipped with STM32 control chip is used to realize the calling of system resources and the control of equipment.After testing,the functions of the system are running normally,and the monitoring and sampling functions can obtain the data and samples required by researchers,and can be competent for field work.