| Quantum interference has an important application in quantum information.It is the basic technology of quantum manipulation.Single-photon interference,two-photon interference and multiphoton interference in quantum optics play an important role in the basic research of quantum mechanics,and lay a foundation for quantum information processing using photon systems.Firstly,the basic background knowledge of quantum information and quantum interference is introduced.Quantum information is a new subject which combines quantum optics with information science.Its main research object is the processing and transmission of information.The interference phenomenon of mechanical waves such as water waves and sound waves has been observed for a long time.Later,the interference effects of electromagnetic waves such as light waves and microwaves have been discovered successively,so interference is a common physical phenomenon in physics.In the second chapter,the optical devices,the principle of spontaneous parametric downconversion and the experimental techniques are introduced.Chapters 3 to 5 introduce some of our work on Hong-Ou-Mandel interference.Firstly,the theory of two-photon HOM interference is introduced in the third chapter,and the coincidence probability formula of two-photon interference is deduced.The interference filter function is added to the formula,and the theoretical HOM interference curve is obtained.Then the fourth chapter introduces our twophoton Hong-Ou-Mandel interference experiment.We use optical fiber to transmit parametric light,and use the structure of polarization beam splitter(PBS)and half-wave plate(HWP)to replace BS to realize two-photon interference.The experimental results show that the interference visibility reaches 99%.On the basis of this experimental device,we systematically studied the influence of interference filters on two-photon interference,the effects of different bandwidth interferometric filters on the experimental results were measured and compared.The fifth chapter is a three-photon HOM interference experiment scheme,which uses three beam splitters with different splitting ratios and a phase delay.In the actual experimental scheme design,we use calcite beam displacer(BD)and halfwave plate to achieve different splitting ratios,and use a phase plate to adjust the photon phase.Based on theoretical scheme,we derive the formula for calculating the coincidence probability of the threephoton HOM interference with respect to phase delay and beam splitting ratio of the beam splitter. |
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