Effects Of Female Immigration On The Affiliation Among Individuals Within OMU Of The Golden Snub-nosed Monkey(Rhinopithecus Roxellana) In Qinling Mountain

The social model of the Qinling golden snub-nosed monkey's breeding group is a multi-level society(MLS)formed by single-male unit(OMU)family units.Because of its special social structure,the male and female individuals living in the breeding group will undergo migration activities,which will lead to a series of changes in the joint between individuals within the family unit.This paper explores the impact of the immigration of female individuals of the Qinling golden snub-nosed monkey on the individual association in OMU,in order to understand the stability mechanism and the female reproductive strategy within the family unit.This paper includes the the OMU affiliation,the male rank and the number of females,and individuals affiliation of female immigrant to the new OMU.The target group of this study is the Qinling golden snub-nosed monkey breeding group,which is active in the Yuhuangmiao area of Zhouzhi County in the middle section of the Qinling Mountains.The breeding group contains 18 family units.We conducted detailed observations and records of the entire breeding group from September 2016 to June 2017.We recorded the spatial distance data of the individuals in the unit by using instantaneous scanning method.Using utilizes social network analysis software software SOCPROG2.4 and Netdraw in Ucinet V1.0 can get social network diagrams relationships between individuals.The collected maleto-unit attack-yield data is calculated and analyzed using David's Score to realize the level of existence between units within the entire group.The results showed that although there were ranks among the OMUs in the Qinling golden snub-nosed monkey breeding group in our research period,the hierarchical structure was not strict.Compared with the spring,the inter-group OMUs are more closely linked and more spatially distributed.Although there was a significant correlation between the length of the main period and the level of the main male(T-test: t=0.32,df = 12,P = 0.043),there was no significant association between the resident male and the rank and the number of females occupied(T-test: t =0.163,df = 12,P = 0.45).For the affiliation analysis of individuals who have female immigrants,it has been found that females immigration leads to significant changes in the affiliation between OMU individuals.The analysis of the affiliation between female and resident male found that the newly moved female was the closest to the male than other female in OMU,and the affiliation between the other female and resident male was decreased.This result indicates that female immigration can improve affiliation of individuals.And new immigrant female and other female individuals are in a state of close affiliation,indicating that the female immigration has a significant effect on the females affiliation in the unit.In summary,the female immigrant to newly OMU can effectively cope with the breeding competition between individuals and maintain the stability in Qinling golden snub-nosed monkey.