Preparation And Analysis Of Education Index(HDI Sub-Index) Across China

Human development index(HDI)is currently the most widely used and influential tool to measure human development in the world.The sub-index of one of its three major systems--education index is of great significance to analyze the development of education in various regions of China.Based on the newly released educational index compilation method of UNDP and the actual situation of China,this paper compiled the educational index of China's 31 provinces from 1990 to 2017,and explored the development status of China's educational field from the overall perspective of time and space changes.After the reform and opening up,China's economy has been rising steadily.Under the strong support of the rapid economic development,China's education has entered the fast track of development.In 2017,the average length of schooling was 9.27 years,an increase of more than three years compared with 6.26 years in 1990,which reflects the great improvement of the people's educational level and cultural quality.However,there are also some problems in the development of education in China over the years.There are large differences in the educational pattern between the east and the west,limited educational exchanges between neighboring provinces and regions,and failing to have a good spillover effect on the surrounding areas with high educational level.Based on ESDA and CSDA techniques in spatial measurement methods,this paper analyzes the spatial characteristics and influencing factors of China's inter-provincial education index.First of all,this paper calculates the education index data of 31 provinces and regions in China from 1990 to 2017 by referring to the latest compilation method of education index released by UNDP,and makes a comparative analysis of the data.From the international comparison,China's education index is higher than the world average level and most developing countries,but there is still a big gap with some developed countries.From the comparison of provinces and regions,the level of education development presents an obvious grading phenomenon.The eastern region is significantly higher than the central and western regions,which is similar to the division of economic regions.Secondly,this paper USES ESDA method to analyze the calculated education index data and explore the differences in the spatial pattern of China's education development.The research results show that the data during the research period shows obvious global autocorrelation.The global Moran's I index value of China's education development level from 1990 to 2017 is around 0.4,and all pass the test at the significance level of 1%,indicating that the education development in each province has a relatively obvious positive spatial effect.From the perspective of local spatial autocorrelation,Moran scatter plot or LISA figure of gathering,reflect the education development in our country are block distribution,high level of education development of coastal developed areas such as Beijing,Shanghai,gathered in one place,and the surrounding parts of the corresponding education level also rises year by year,become high places;However,the low level of education has the same effect of spatial proximity.For example,Tibet and xinjiang are mainly distributed in the western regions where the economy is relatively backward and hell is relatively vast,and a large area of low concentration is formed at the same time.Finally,the paper from the economic,HDI system,population and urbanization construction four perspective,to determine the per capita GDP,the average life expectancy,local fiscal expenditure on education,and urbanization,population density,average college student/teacher ratio rate 12 variables such as spatial regression model is established through empirical spatial data analysis(CSDA)to explore the influence factors of Chinese education space difference;And through spatial regression test,it is found that the fixed effect model of spatial lag model(SLM)is more suitable for the panel data used in this paper.The research results show that,in terms of economic dimension,the per capita GDP(PGDP)and local fiscal education expenditure(PE)have significant spatial positive effects,indicating that the regional economic development represented by local fiscal education expenditure and per capita GDP can promote the development of education in a region to some extent.The average life expectancy(Lifetime)represents the average life expectancy of a region,which also promotes the improvement of education level to some extent.Secondly,from the perspective of population factors,the gross enrollment rate(EDU)and the student-teacher ratio(Teacher ratio)of universities and colleges have significant spatial positive effects,indicating that both the quality of education and the number of employees in the education industry have a significant positive impact on the development of education.From the perspective of urbanization construction,the urbanization rate and the number of public Transport vehicles per capita have significant spatial positive effects,indicating that the advanced construction of urbanization in a region is of great significance for promoting the development of education.