Preliminary Study On Toxicity Of Dodecylbenzenesulfonic Acid Monoisopropylamine Salt In Water To Gibel Carp(Carassius Auratus Gibelio)

With the improvement of people's demand for quantity and quality of washing and nursing products,and the improvement of industrial technology,various new types of raw materials for toiletries have been synthesized.Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid monoisopropylamine salt?DAMS?is a new anionic surfactant,it is expected that LAS and AES will be replaced or partially replaced as new raw materials with high performance and low cost in tableware detergents.However,there are few literature on toxicology,and scientific research is urgently needed to provide theoretical reference.This experiment uses gibel carp?Carassius auratus gibelio?as study object,two ecotoxicological experiments,acute exposure and subacute exposure,were carried out in the condition of water temperature?25+1??and DAMS as experimental toxicants.Two series of experiments were carried out in this study:?.The exposure concentration of DAMS was 16.00 mg/L,18.00 mg/L,20.00 mg/L,22.00 mg/L,24.00mg/L and blank control group respectively.The 96 h half lethal concentration(96 h LC₅₀)of DAMS was measured.?.According to the measured 96 h LC₅₀,the exposure concentration of DAMS to water was divided into five groups:0.5 mg/L,1 mg/L,2mg/L,4 mg/L,8 mg/L,and a blank control group.The effects of different concentrations of DAMS on growth index,liver index,oxidative and antioxidant system index,resting metabolic rate and organ histological structure of gibel carp were investigated by 28-day subacute experiment.The main results of this study are as follows:Experiment?:With the increase of DAMS concentration in water,the mortality rate of gibel carp increased gradually,and there is a significant positive linear correlation between the mortality rate and the concentration of DAMS in water.The 96 h LC₅₀ of DAMS to gibel carp is 19.83 mg/L by linear interpolation.Experiment?:1.Effects of DAMS exposure on growth index of gibel carpAfter 28 days of exposure to DAMS,there were no significant changes in body length,body weight and liver index of allogynous silver gibel carp.2.Effect of DAMS exposure on AChE activity in brain of gibel carpBefore exposure to DAMS?0 d?,there was no significant difference between each treatment concentration groups and the blank control group.No significant difference was found in the activity of AChE in gibel carps?0d,7d,14d,21d,28d?.3.Effects of DAMS exposure on liver oxidative and antioxidant system of gibel carpBefore exposure to DAMS?0 d?,there was no significant difference in SOD activity between each treatment concentration groups and the blank control group.There was no significant difference in SOD activity in liver between groups of 0,7,14,21 and 28days in blank control group.There was no significant difference in GSH-Px activity between the treatment concentration groups and the blank control group before exposure to DAMS?0 d?.There was no significant difference in GSH-Px activity in liver between groups of 0,7,14,21and 28 days in blank control group.GSH-Px activity tends to decrease with the increase of exposure concentration and the prolongation of exposure time.There was no significant difference in MDA content between the treatment groups and the blank control group on 0 d and 7 d after DAMS exposure.There was no significant difference in MDA content in liver between groups treated with 0,7,14,21 and 28 days in blank control group.4.Effects of DAMS exposure on the gill tissue oxidation and antioxidant system of gibel carpBefore exposure to DAMS?0 d?,there was no significant difference in SOD activity between each treatment concentration groups and blank control group.There was no significant difference in SOD activity in gills between groups treated with 0,7,14,21and 28 days in blank control group.There was no significant difference in GSH-Px activity between the treatment concentration groups and the blank control group before exposure to DAMS?0 d?.There was no significant difference in GSH-Px activity in gills between groups treated with 0,7,14,21 and 28 days in blank control group.Before exposure to DAMS?0 d?,there was no significant difference in MDA content between the treatment concentration groups and the blank control group.There was no significant difference in MDA content in gills between groups treated with 0,7,14,21and 28 days in blank control group.5.Effects of DAMS exposure on renal oxidative and antioxidant system of gibel carpBefore exposure to DAMS?0 d?,there was no significant difference in SOD activity between each treatment concentration groups and blank control group.There was no significant difference in SOD activity in the kidneys of gibel carp in the blank control group at 0,7,14,21 and 28 days.There was no significant difference in GSH-Px activity between the treatment groups and the blank control group before?0 d?and 28 d after DAMS exposure.There was no significant difference in GSH-Px activity in the kidneys of gibel carp between the blank control groups at 0,7,14,21 and 28 days.With the increase of exposure concentration and the prolongation of exposure time,the activity of GSH-Px in kidney increased first and then decreased.Before exposure to DAMS?0 d?,there was no significant difference in MDA content between the treatment concentration groups and the blank control group.There was no significant difference in MDA content in kidneys between groups treated with 0,7,14,21 and 28 days in blank control group.With the increase of exposure concentration and the prolongation of exposure time,the MDA content in kidney increased first and then decreased.6.Histological effects of DAMS exposure on gibel carpWith the increase of the exposure concentration of DAMS and the extension of the exposure time,the damage degree of gill structure becomes more and more serious,accompanied by gill pieces bending,epithelial cell edema,apical adhesion,fusion and abscission.With the increase of the exposure concentration of DAMS and the extension of the exposure time,the degree of hepatocyte injury gradually deepened,and some phenomena such as nuclear migration,dissolution,blurred cell boundary,liver blood sinus dilatation and congestion,vacuolation and so on appeared.7.Effect of DAMS exposure on resting metabolic rate of gibel carpThere was no significant difference in resting metabolic rate between the treatment concentration groups and blank control group before?0 d?and 21 d,28 d after DAMS exposure.There was no significant difference in resting metabolic rate between the blank control group and the 8 mg/L concentration group at 0,7,14,21 and 28 days.With the increase of exposure concentration and the prolongation of exposure time,resting metabolism rate of gibel carp increased first and then decreased.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:1.DAMS exposure in water has an acute lethal effect on gibel carp.LC₅₀ at 96h is 19.83mg/L.2.It will not have a significant impact on the growth indicators of gibel carp.3.Fluctuate the AChE activity in the brain of gibel carp.4.According to the changes of SOD activity,GSH-Px activity and MDA content,the kidney was less affected and within the adjustable range.5.According to the changes of SOD activity,GSH-Px activity,MDA content and liver histological sections,the structure and function of hepatocytes were damaged,mainly in the second line of defense of hepatocyte oxidation and antioxidant system?the process of GSH-Px scavenging reactive oxygen species?.The first line of defense was normal and within an adjustable range.6.According to the changes of SOD activity,GSH-Px activity,MDA content and gill histological sections,the damage of DAMS to gill tissue is more direct and rapid,and the damage of structure is prior to the change of physiological and biochemical indexes.7.DAMS exposure in water had little effect on resting metabolic rate of gibel carp.