Land Suitability Evaluation Based On Remote Sensing In Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Economic Belt

Land suitability evaluation is an important index in land use planning,which plays an important role in optimizing the spatial layout of land use and perfecting the land use planning.Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Economic Belt has developed into an important area for China's border development and opening-up.It is an important gateway for China's opening-up and an important platform for economic and technological cooperation in northeast Asia.At present,there is insufficient research on natural resources in the region,so it is necessary to evaluate the land suitability of Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Economic Belt to achieve a reasonable allocation of urban and rural land resources.In this study,Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Economic Belt is selected as the research area.With the support of geographic information system and remote sensing technology,remote sensing image map,meteorological data,digital elevation model,social and economic statistics and soil data of the research area are taken as the basic data.Use of ecological factors(elevation,slope,relief,soil organic matter content,drainage density,annual average temperature,annual average precipitation,accumulated temperature and land use status),social and economic factors(population density,gross domestic product per capita and grain yield per unit area)and traffic location factors(distance from town,distance from road and distance from water)three aspects to select characterization of Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Economic Belt of land suitability evaluation of 15 factors,establish Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Economic Belt ladder diagram of land suitability evaluation level model.The analytic hierarchy process is used to calculate the weight of each evaluation factor,and the ArcGIS software platform is used to establish the spatial attribute database.The 100 meters by 100 meters grid is used as the basic evaluation unit,and the superposition analysis function of ArcGIS is used to comprehensively evaluate the land suitability of Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Economic Belt.Finally,the water area of the study area was eliminated,and the land suitability of Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Economic Belt was divided into four types:highly appropriate,moderately appropriate,barely appropriate and inappropriate.The suitability evaluation chart of cultivated land,forest land,grassland and construction land was obtained.It provides a reference for land use optimization in Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Economic Belt.The results show that:(1)The land suitability evaluation provides a good data basis for the revision and formulation of the general land use plan.Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Economic Belt diagram according to the results of land suitability evaluation for land utilization is presented to improve the concept and awareness of land in accordance with the law to protect arable land,the industry as a whole,various types of land to strengthen the function of land use planning,the macroeconomic regulation and control of land use,land use and protection of combination,strengthen the land ecological function.(2)The total area of the study area is 72,980 km~2,and the most suitable land area for cultivation in Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Economic Belt is 11,335.76 km~2,accounting for 15.53%of the total area of the study area.There are 4534.24 km~2 of land in Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Economic Belt,which is the most suitable forest land,accounting for 6.21%of the total area of the study area.In Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Economic Belt,3902.97 km~2 of land is the most suitable grassland,accounting for 5.35%of the total area of the study area,mainly distributed in the northwest plain of Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Economic Belt.824.5 km~2 of land is most suitable for construction,accounting for 1.13%of the total area of the study area,mainly distributed in plain areas,areas around towns and areas with relatively developed transportation.Therefore,the overall suitability of land use in Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Economic Belt is at the lower level.From the perspective of the land suitability of the study area,Changchun-Jilin-Tumen is more suitable for the development of cultivated land and forest land,and the quality of grassland is lower,so land rectification should be strengthened.In the process of development,we should follow the law of natural development,pay attention to the protection of the ecological environment,appropriate development and local conditions.(3)In the comprehensive land suitability evaluation of Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Economic Belt,in order to ensure the reliability of the data,the rigid factor is taken as the limiting factor of the land suitability evaluation,and the rigid factor is water area.The water area is removed first,and then the land suitability is divided into four grades:high suitable,medium suitable,barely suitable and unsuitable.(4)In the process of data processing,this research adopts the combined data processing method of raster and vector data,first of all,converting raster data and vector data elements vector points,each point is located in the center of each grid,namely the center of each assessment unit,and then extract the attribute values of every vector and raster data to vector points,properties calculation,and finally,realize the comprehensive evaluation.This data processing method gives full play to the advantages of raster data and vector data.The conversion of raster and vector data is eliminated and the process of data processing is simplified.The storage of multiple attributes in vector points is realized.Make comprehensive evaluation more efficient.