Research On The Performance Of Wave Sensor Based On Liquid-Solid Interfacing Triboelectric Nanogenerators

Waves,currents and tides are important forms of movement of seawater in the ocean.Of all the elements of marine monitoring,waves are the most basic,most important and most complex form of movement.It plays a very important role in marine engineering construction,navigation safety and marine disaster early warning.As the development of marine resources gradually develops into the deep sea,the hydrodynamic characteristics of engineering structures in the deep sea have become a hot issue in the marine engineering field.The horizontal cylindrical structure of marine structures is widely used in marine engineering.The tension leg of a smart offshore platform is a typical marine structure.It is also the main bearing structure of the platform and is one of the core components for the safe operation of the platform.The ocean wave has a strong effect on the tension leg of the offshore platform and affects the safe operation of the offshore equipment.Therefore,accurately predicting the wave information on the surface of the tension leg of the offshore platform is an important subj ect for safety research.Therefore,It is of great significance for the development of marine equipment and marine environmental monitoring in real-time.Recently,Triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG),which is based on the coupling of electrification and electrostatic effect.By converting mechanical motion into electric signal,TENGs can be used as self-powered sensors to detect vibration,wind speed,metallic ion,humidity,temperature,UV intensity and so on.This new type of power generation technology will open up new ideas and potential application values for low frequency energy collection,and also open up research directions for smart sensors.Based on the principle of liquid-solid contact electrification,a new type of self-powered Wave Sensor(WS-TENG)is constructed in this paper.The sensor consists of a substrate,a polymer organic material PTFE film,and a metal electrode.By measuring the potential difference between the sensor and the ground,the influence of different wave conditions on the output voltage of the wave monitoring sensor can be analyzed.In this paper,the effects of different electrode widths,different matrix structures,and different salinity aqueous solutions on the output signals of the sensors are systematically studied.The experimental results show that the relative amplitude of the wave and the polymer PTFE film has a linear relationship with the peak value of the output voltage signal,and is not affected by frequency and salinity.Furthermore,based on the double-layer principle of liquid-solid contact electrification,this paper reveals the mechanism of liquid-solid contact electrification,and then explains the effect of different electrode widths,wave amplitudes,wave frequency,and salinities on the output voltage.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:First of all,this paper analyzes the theory of liquid-solid interfacing triboelectric nanogenerator,including charge generation mechanism,charge transfer mechanism,and the formation mechanism of electric double layer of liquid-solid interfacing triboelectric nanogenerator.The simulation analysis was carried out and the relationship model between wave water level,polymer materials and electrodes was established.The COMSOL software was used to simulate the potential of the nanogenerator interface at the liquid-solid interfacing friction,and the potential distribution of the sensor surface under different states of the wave water level were analyzed.Secondly,this article carried out the construction of an experimental test bench.The linear motor was used to control the amplitude and frequency of the Wave Sensor.The Keithley 6514 electrometer and NI acquisition card were used to measure the voltage,current,and charge signals output by the Wave Sensor.Next,the experiment of the influence of the sensor structure on the output characteristics of WS-TENG was carried out.From the structure,the effects of different materials' power generation performance,sensor substrate thickness,sensor substrate type,electrode width,material surface hydrophobicity,and durability on the sensor output signal were studied.From pure water wave conditions,the effects of different wave vibration amplitudes(10 mm-80 mm)and frequencies(0.6 Hz-1.2 Hz)on the output performance of wave sensors were studied.Then,under the conditions of the salinity of the aqueous solution(5 mg/ml,15 mg/ml,25 mg/ml,35 mg/ml),the influence of the salinity of the aqueous solution on the output characteristics of WS-TENG was studied,and the theoretical analysis was performed.Finally,a wave sensor verification experiment platform was set up,and a push plate method was used.The linear motor was used to control the amplitude and frequency of the wave plate to change the wave height and frequency.The wave sensor was placed at the center of the wave tank to reduce the boundary of the sink.The effect of water flow on the two-dimensionality of wave.By comparing the actual wave height,it has better accuracy.