Research On Resource Utilization Relationship Between Siberian Crane And Bean Goose During Migration Period In Momoge Nature Reserve

Siberian Crane is a national first-class key protected animal,the IUCN red list of endangered species CR(critically endangered)species.And Momoge Nature Reserve in Songnen plain is an important stopover for it during spring and autumn migration.During the migration period,the survey found that the Siberian Crane and a large number of Bean Goose were stayed in the same area in the wetland of the reserve.In order to further understand the resource utilization relationship between Siberian Crane and Bean Goose populations during migration,this study conducted a field survey of Siberian Crane and Bean Goose during migration in the Momoge Nature Reserve in the spring and autumn of 2018 and 2019.In this research,the quantity distribution,resource utilization and habitat selection of Siberian Crane and Bean Goose in Momoge Nature Reserve were compared and analyzed by the method of fixed route search,fixed point observation,sample method and factor determination.And the research results are as follows:1.The average residence time of Siberian Crane during the spring migration was 45 days,and that of Bean Goose was 58 days.The average residence time of Siberian Crane during autumn migration was 42 days,and that of Bean Goose was 54 days.They both occur in the same region during spring and autumn migration.2.The farmland,meadow,reed marsh,sedge marsh and open water were all used by Siberian Crane and Bean Goose.During spring migration,the utilization rates of Siberian Crane in these five habitats were 12.25%,20.38%,45.16%,18.41%and 3.8%,respectively.While the utilization rate of Bean Goose were 2.58%,14.84%,33.87%,29.35%and 19.36%,respectively.During autumn migration,the utilization rates of Siberian Crane were 27.58%?13.44%?34.04%?22.58%?2.36%,respectively.While the utilization rate of Bean Goose were 2.15%?5.27%?31.70%?32.49%?28.39%,respectively.There were significant differences in the use of open water,sedge marsh and farmland habitat during spring and autumn migration periods.3.Water,food and disturbance factors all affected the habitat selection of Siberian Crane and Bean Goose.There were no significant difference in vegetation coverage,vegetation density,distance from human disturbance,distance from road and distance from residential area,but there were significant differences in vegetation height,distance from farmland,distance from bright water surface and water depth during spring and autumn migration.4.In different habitat space,Siberian Crane and Bean Goose showed different niche strategies.In terms of habitat environment,more sedge marsh and open water were used by the Bean Goose than by the Siberian Crane,while the Siberian Crane preferred to use meadows and farmland.The ecological niche overlap value of them reached the maximum in the autumn migration period,reaching 0.674.In terms of the offshore distance,the Siberian Crane mainly chose the offshore environment of 0-50m and 50-100m,while the Bean Goose preferred to the offshore environment of 150-200m and above.The ecological niche overlap value of them reached the maximum in the autumn migration period,reaching 0.487.In terms of foraging space,reed beach is the main foraging environment for Siberian Crane,while Bean Goose mainly foraged in moss grass beach.The ecological niche overlap value of them reached the maximum in the spring migration period,reaching 0.506.