Research On Laser Cutting Process Of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics

With the rapid economic development,lightweight has become an important research direction in today's society.As a new type of composite material,carbon fiber reinforced plastics has the advantages of high rigidity,high modulus,high strength,light weight,etc.,and is widely used in industrial fields.However,the common carbon fiber reinforced plastics processing methods are still mainly mechanical processing,which is prone to shortcomings such as tool wear,composite layering,and poor performance after processing.Laser cutting is a new type of carbon fiber reinforced plastics processing technology that has emerged in recent years.It uses the high energy of laser to vaporize materials,so as to achieve the purpose of material removal.Because the laser cutting of carbon fiber reinforced plastics is a light-thermal-mechanical coupling process affected by a variety of factors,the causes are more complicated.Therefore,the research on numerical simulation and process test of laser cutting of carbon fiber reinforced plastics are of great significance for its further popularization and application.In this paper,by analyzing the basic principles of laser cutting of carbon fiber reinforced plastics,and using finite element software to perform multiphysics simulation on the laser cutting process of carbon fiber reinforced plastics,the heat accumulation effect inside the carbon fiber reinforced plastics during laser cutting and the temperature field and stress field distribution during laser cutting of the carbon fiber reinforced plastics in different directions are analyzed,single-factor laser cutting experiments were performed on carbon fiber reinforced plastics with infrared and ultraviolet lasers,and the influence of laser parameters on the cutting quality of material was obtained.In terms of theoretical basis,the principle of pulsed laser cutting and the influencing factors of the material on the laser absorptivity and reflectivity are analyzed,and the interaction process between infrared laser and ultraviolet laser with the carbon fiber reinforced plastics was introduced through theoretical combination experiments.In terms of numerical simulation,a geometric model of the material was established according to the structural characteristics of the carbon fiber reinforced plastics,by setting the mathematical model and boundary conditions of heat conduction during the laser cutting of carbon fiber reinforced plastics process,a multiphysics coupling model for the laser cutting of carbon fiber reinforced plastics was established,the heat accumulation effect during the laser cutting of carbon fiber reinforced plastics was analyzed,the temperature field distribution and stress field distribution during laser cutting of carbon fiber reinforced plastics along different directions were obtained,the influence of different laser parameters on the temperature in carbon fiber reinforced plastics and phase transition field distribution of carbon fiber reinforced plastics under different pulse width laser irradiation were determined.In terms of laser cutting process test,by setting up a carbon fiber reinforced plastics laser cutting platform,the infrared laser and ultraviolet laser were used to conduct single-factor cutting process experiments on the carbon fiber reinforced plastics,and the influence of laser parameters such as single pulse energy,cutting speed,repetition frequency,and pulse width on the cutting quality of materials was studied.For infrared laser cutting of carbon fiber reinforced plastics,the material's slit width,slit cone angle,and heat-affected zone width increase with the increase of the laser's single pulse energy,repetition frequency,and pulse width,and decrease with increasing cutting speed.Under the optimal laser parameters,the width of the heat-affected zone of the material is about 190.6?m.For ultraviolet laser cutting of carbon fiber reinforced plastics,the material's slit width,slit cone angle,and heat-affected zone width increase with increasing laser repetition frequency and decrease with increasing cutting speed.Under the optimal laser parameters,the width of the heat-affected zone of the material is only 30.7?m,which is much better than the infrared laser cutting method.