Research On The Shape Of Enclosure Teaching Buildings In Nanjing University Based On The Improvement Of Courtyard Wind Environment

The enclosed teaching building refers to the building layout around the central environment courtyard.The inner streamline can generally form a closed loop teaching building.It is a typical form of teaching building layout.It is widely used in university teaching buildings(according to our research,enclosed teaching buildings account for about 30% of the total number of teaching buildings in Universities in Nanjing area).The reason why this kind of teaching building is widely used is that it has its own unique advantages: in terms of land use indicators,it can effectively improve the volume ratio and land use efficiency;in terms of spatial characteristics,it can form an inward courtyard with pleasant environment and provide public places for teachers and students;in terms of physical properties,it is conducive to the improvement of lighting and ventilation performance,and it can be in the courtyard.The relatively stable outdoor microclimate ensures the comfort of public activities in the courtyard.In recent decades,teaching buildings in Colleges and universities have been continuously explored in the field of green design,and some achievements have been achieved.In this context,this paper is aimed at the relationship between the shape design of teaching buildings and the courtyard wind environment.From the point of view of improving the wind environment quality of courtyard space,this paper studies the optimal design method of enclosed teaching buildings in Nanjing area from the angle of shape optimization.Firstly,the basic principles of natural ventilation are sorted out and the principles are classified.The natural ventilation of buildings is divided into four categories: hot-pressure ventilation,wind-pressure ventilation,Bernoulli effect and heat storage/cooling chamber,and the typical teaching building cases using this principle are searched.Secondly,the enclosed teaching buildings in Nanjing are investigated and modeled on the spot,and then the courtyard wind environment of each teaching building is simulated by software.Through a large number of data comparison,the preliminary prediction of the ideal shape is made.It is found that the ventilation capacity of the courtyard is closely related to the scale and enclosure mode of the courtyard.In a certain geographical and climatic environment,finding an appropriate form is the key to ensure the ventilation effect of the courtyard.Finally,the paper uses the method of control variables to compare and analyze the different working conditions.Based on the wind environment data of the courtyard,the shape is optimized from five aspects: opening size,opening direction,opening height,two openings and integrated shape.Finally,the optimization schemes of opening design and integrated shape design are given respectively.