Research Of The Design Methodology For Climatic Responsive Dynamic Building Facades In Hot Summer Cold Winter Zone

Different from the typical fixed building envelopes,dynamic building fa?ades are active building envelopes with highly flexible climatic adaptiveness and responsive capacity to the changing environment for improving energy efficiency.For cooling in summer and heating in winter,dynamic building facades are feasible energy efficient facade solutions for buildings in hot summer cold winter zone,which accounts for 16.2% of the land area in China.At present,there are numerous research cases about the development and performance evaluation of innovative dynamic facades.However most researches made by the domestic scholars mostly focused on the theoretical typology and design application,lacking quantitative investigation on the energy performance of dynamic facades.Therefore,this research mainly studies the design and optimization methodology of the climatic responsive dynamic building facades in hot summer cold winter zone,especially the numerical approach and the corresponding technical solution using the proposed phase change material(PCM)-driven dynamic facade.The research thesis is mainly divided into three parts: climatic responsive design,typology study and application,energy performance evaluation and optimization.Firstly,the design strategies adopted in conventional buildings in different countries for various climate challenges are analyzed.According to the climatic characteristics of hot summer cold winter zone,the design requirements and the corresponding technical solutions for dynamic building fa?ades are summarized,which can provide the general purpose references for architects in the facade design process.Secondly,the deformation modes,environmental adaptability and energy dependence of dynamic facades are studied,as well as the strategies,forms and technical solutions for the dynamic facades to meet the demand of climate challenges in winter and summer.On this basis,a novel PCM-driven dynamic facade is developed.Finally,the evaluation and optimization of the dynamic building facades are studied from three aspects: 1)the optimization of the unit size based on the genetic algorithm;2)the influence of the dynamic facade on the indoor light and thermal environment in hot summer cold winter zone;and 3)the interaction between the virtual fa?ade model and the physical environment based on Arduino.The feasibility and effectiveness of the methodology used in the above research can be verified through the actual performance of the PCM-driven dynamic facade.In the prototype development,the SHGCs,VTs and U values of the dynamic facade under different thermal conditions can be simulated via the integrated numerical approach based on Grasshopper,LBNL Window and Fluent.The building energy simulation was performed using Octopus Machine Learning and Honeybee.Consequently,the optimized unit size of the PCM-driven dynamic facade was obtained via Galapagos Evolutional Solver.The advantages of energy efficiency and economic feasibility in practical projects using the PCM-driven dynamic facade were also studied via the energy simulation and the comparative hot box testing.The results have verified that the PCM-driven dynamic facades can effectively reduce the indoor heating load in winter and the cooling load in summer.The light environment simulation using Radiance can also prove that the PCM-driven facade has a certain impact on the indoor light environment.The shading ball can cause the issue of inadequate natural lighting indoors in the fully inflation status,and subsequently the further optimization is needed.In the interactive experiment,a universal interactive program is developed to substantiate the positive or negative interaction between the numerical model of the proposed dynamic building facade and the actual light and thermal environment in the real world.