| Rocky desertification,as a unique phenomenon of ecosystem degradation in karst areas,will lead to a single vegetation structure,a simplified ecosystem and a sharp decline in biodiversity.Amphibians are more sensitive to environmental changes than other wild animals due to their unique life cycle,special physiological characteristics and intuitive behavioral responses.The living environment is the sum of various ecological factors in the growth,development and distribution area of amphibian individuals,populations and communities,which can provide them with necessary water,food,concealed environment,breeding place and other basic conditions.Amphibians with different ecological characteristics have different preferences for different habitats,and their habitat selection behavior can reflect the differences between habitats to some extent.This study investigated amphibians from 30 research samples in the Bijie Salaxi rocky desertification comprehensive control area from September to October 2018 and from march to August 2019,the amphibian species were classified by morphological characteristic classification,and the amphibian community structure,amphibian habitat types,and amphibian species’ preference for different habitats in the demonstration area were analyzed,to reveal the amphibian community diversity and habitat selection in the rocky desertification control area,it also provides important theoretical basis for regional amphibian protection and habitat construction.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)A total of 5688 amphibians were observed in this study,belonging to 10 species of 2 orders,6 families,9 genera,Among them Glyphoglossus yunnanensis is the dominant species,accounting for 76.53% of the total amphibian population surveyed.Tylototriton kweichowensis,Oreolalax rhodostigmatus,Bufo gargarizans,Hyla annectans and Rana chaochiaoensis are common species,accounting for 8.98%,3.01%,2.88%,2.34% and 5.68% of the total amphibian population respectively.Microhyla butleri,Hylarana guentheri,Odorrana junlianensis and Rana weiningensis are rare species,accounting for 0.33%,0.14%,0.02% and 0.09% of the total amphibian population respectively.(2)The number of amphibian species and individuals in the non-rocky desertification areas and potential rocky desertification areas is more abundant than that in the other three stony desertification zones,the diversity index and richness index were the largest in the non-rocky desertification areas.Between non-rocky desertification areas and potential rocky desertification areas,the s non-rocky desertification areas and potential rocky desertification areas are between them and the other three grade areas respectively,showed strong differences.(3)In this study,the habitat types of amphibians in the demonstration area were divided into 15 species.Including man-made forest,brush,grassland,marsh wetland,stream,natural lake,artificial pond,temporary waters,crack in a rock,water cave,dry cave,arable land,black fallow,road,building.Among them,the comparison between the number of habitats contained in rocky desertification regions of different grades and the number of amphibian habitats is as follows: non-rocky desertification areas 15-(12),potential rocky desertification areas 13-(10),mild rocky desertification areas 10-(3),moderate rocky desertification areas 8-(4),intense rocky desertification areas 6-(1).(4)Considering the different life cycles of amphibians,such as survival,reproduction and wintering,the present situation of amphibian habitat in the demonstration area was analyzed from three aspects: habitat temporary,habitat simplification,habitat deterioration.The conservation methods of amphibian habitat in the demonstration area were discussed from five aspects: protection of primary environment,restoration of destroyed habitats,artificial habitat simulation,regional planning and construction,and landscape ecological construction.(5)In view of the different compositions of amphibian communities and the different habitat states of amphibians in each grade of rocky desertification region,planning joint amphibian protection areas in non-rocky desertification areas and potential rocky desertification areas,terrestrial and aquatic habitats were constructed mainly in mild rocky desertification areas,the control of stony desertification and the construction of habitats are mutually reinforcing in moderate rocky desertification areas and intense rocky desertification areas,the prospects of amphibian diversity and habitat protection in karst rocky desertification areas were also discussed. |
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