| Ganoderma is the traditional edible medicinal material in China,as well as the symbol of auspiciousness,wealth and honor,happiness and longevity.Modern studies on Ganoderma showed that it had physiological activities of improving the organism immunity,protecting the liver and detoxification,hypoglycemic,antitumor and anti-aging functions,etc.Ganoderma atrum is described as the best kind of Ganoderma,its medicinal effect on human health is higher than that of other kinds of Ganoderma lucidum.It is mainly about the comprehensive exploitation of fruit body of Ganoderma atrum,developing functional beverage of Ganoderma atrum with its water extract,doing further research on its immune function,and developing Ganoderma atrum dietary fiber biscuit.The main contents are as follows:1.Study on the optimum formula of functional beverage of Ganoderma atrum.Allocate the concentrated clarified functional beverage of Ganoderma atrum prepared by grinding its fruit body,water extracting,centrifuging and concentrating.Through parameters and orthogonal tests,combined with fuzzy sensory evaluation method,the optimum formula of the functional beverage of Ganoderma atrum was 0.2 g/100 mL erythritol,0.003 g/100 mL stevioside,0.04 g/100 mL citric acid.The polysaccharide content in the concentrated clarified liquid was 1.68 mg/mL detected colorimetrically by the phenol-sulfuric acid method.2.Preliminarily explore the stability of functional beverage of Ganoderma atrum.Explore the stability of the beverage during storage process with the method of colorimetry and relative precipitation as well as the effect of sterilization condition on its stability.Study the optimal concentration of stabilizer CMC and color fixative D-iso-sodium citrate for beverage preservation.The results showed that the beverage would be brown with precipitation during the storage process.And sterilization conditions of 100?,15min changed the beverage the least.0.04 g/100 mL CMC could effectively prevent precipitation,0.03 g/100 mL sodium erythorbate could effectively prevent browning and improve the stability of the beverage.3.Investigate the immunomodulatory effect of the functional Ganoderma atrum beverage on immunosuppressed mice.Establish immunosuppressed mice model,divide them into blank group,model group,positive group,Ganoderma atrum functional beverage low,medium and high dose groups.Thymus index were determined by weight,spleen lymphocyte subsets were counted by flow cytometry instrument,T and B lymphocyte proliferation were measured by CCK-8 assay,the secretion of IL-2,IL-4 and TNF-?in supernatants of spleen and concentration of IL-2and TNF-?in serum were determined by ELISA,NO in the supernatant of spleen cells of mice was determined by nitrate reductase method.The results showed that functional beverage of Ganoderma atrum had the functions of improving immunosuppressed mice's body state induced by cyclophosphamide,increasing the thymus index of immunosuppressed mice,controlling nonspecific immunity decline caused by cyclophosphamide,improving the contents of spleen lymphocytes subsets CD3~+,CD4~+,CD8~+and the ratio of CD4~+/CD8~+,improving the transformation ability of T and B spleen lymphocyte,promoting spleen lymphocytes of immunosuppressed mice secreting IL-2,IL-4,TNF-?and NO,and increasing the contents of IL-2 and TNF-?in serum of immunosuppressed mice.These indicated that the functional beverage of Ganoderma atrum can improve immune function in immunosuppressed mice.4.Study the optimum formula of Ganoderma atrum fiber biscuits.Adding Ganoderma atrum powder as dietary fiber supplements to the biscuits,through parameters and orthogonal tests,combined with fuzzy sensory evaluation method,we concluded that the formula of using 90 g flour as the base amount,adding Ganoderma atrum powder 4.5 g,sugar 40 g,corn oil 20 g,water 35 g,can produce biscuits with the best comprehensive quality. |
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