| With the improvement of living standards,people tend to consume more food enriching high calories,fat or sugar and food processed in their daily diet.So some diseases such as hyperlipemia,adiposis hepatica,gallstones,diabetes and intestinal cancer,which are so called civil diseases,show an increasing rate of morbidity among people.As a result,eating healthy has been widely recognized.Dietary Fiber(DF),which is classified as a "seventh class of nutrients" at present,has received an increasing attention from the general public for providing zero energy and nutritional cofactors in human body associated with its multi-physiological function,such as regulating gastrointestinal digestion,blood glucose and lipid levels.Moreover,there is a majority of literatures researched on its physiological function and extraction process optimization.As a typical fungus,Ganoderma lucidum is drawing great attention and is studied earnestly concerning its DF content(mainly functional polysaccharide)in terms of hyperglycemic,antioxidant,antitumor,immunity regulation functions.The main contents of the research are concluded in the following aspects:1.The effects of enzymolysis temperature,reaction time and material-liquid ratio on the yield of soluble dietary fiber(SDF)and alkaline extraction pH value,temperature and time on the yield of insoluble dietary fiber(IDF)were investigated through single factor experiment.The optimized conditions were as follows:enzymatic temperature and time was 98 ? and 103 min,solid-liquid ratio was 1:32,alkaline extraction pH,temperature and time was 10,48 ?,41 min.The yield of SDF and IDF was 1.08%and 88.68%,respectively,under optimized conditions.According to the results,it is determined that enzymatic temperature has the greatest impact on SDF extraction rate,followed by solid-liquid ratio and time.In addition,pH is the most considerable factor related to IDF extraction,followed by temperature and time.2.The pilot scale was conducted on the basis of the results in lab extraction test.The optimized SDF extraction temperature and time was 98 ?and 120 min,solid-liquid ratio was 1:10.The optimized IDF alkaline extraction pH,temperature and time was 10,48 ?,40 min.The yields of SDF and IDF were 1.4%and 88.4%through parallel trial,respectively.3.This project's economic products is principally SDF from Ganoderma atrum,so this paper mainly emphasizes on SDF' physicochemical properties and conducts a preliminary study on IDF at the same time.According to the research results,the suga r,protein and aldonic acid content of SDF was 47.3%,6.96%,5.72%,respectively.S DF has several absorption peaks characterized polysaccharide based on IR experimen t.Monosaccharide results showed that SDF is mainly composed of mannose,glucose and galactose.Moreover,the anti-oxidation research exhibited that SDF had anrtioxida nt activities and was in dose dependence.It is found that pH is negatively correlated t o the IDF expansibility,which was 38 mL/g,33 mL/g,30 mL/g and 28 mL/g when pH was 9,10,11,12 and 13.The water holding capacity of IDF was 4 times heavie-r compared with its own weight,while the oil holding force is 3 times heavier.4.The design of the plant is mainly considered in the following aspects:(1).site selection;(2).overall design of the plant,such as office area,production area,living area;(3).graphic design and layout of the extraction workplace;(4).determination of the optimized extraction process and a more rational,scientific and economical equipment based on related material balance. |
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