Assessment Of Water Quality Risk And Emergent Response In Yuecheng Reservoir

To achieve the control and flowing forward of the water quality in safety,carrying out water pollution events risk assessment work has a vital significance in the aim of achieving the purpose of prevention,dissolving the risk,reducing the loss.The Upstream of Zhanghe Basin is an important water source of Yuecheng Reservoir.And this paper carried out risk assessment work in view of water quality safety issues of the Yuecheng Reservoir.Selecting the years of 2000-2013 and 1990-1993 for sequence,historical evolution and present situation spatio-temporal variation analysis of water pollution sources in the Upstream of Zhanghe Basin are researched based on multivariate statistical analysis.The results show that,the water environment evolution of Upstream of Zhanghe Basin can be divided into three clusters:Cluster A?2000-2004?;Cluster B?1990-1993?;Cluster C?2005-2013?,and 2008 is a turning point in water quality improvement.Spatio-temporal distribution of water sources varieties more obviously and water bodies have time-space different characteristics in 2013.Sampling sites were classified into two distinct clusters which represented different water quality levels and pollution degrees.Cluster A with 14 sites is the upstream located in the source streams,river of groundwater recharge sufficiently and reservoir regulation area where water quality is good.Nutrient,oxygen consumption,physical and chemical factors and pollution of natural organic matter are the main pollution factor.And cluster B with 6 sites covers the middle and lower reaches of the North Zhuozhanghe Watershed and Zhuozhanghe Mainstream,where water is seriously polluted.Human activity factor,heavy metals and nutrient pollution are the main pollution factor.The 12 months were classified into two periods,i.e.period I from January to March with worse water quality and period II for the rest months with better water quality.Principal component analysis showed that organic pollution factor and the synthesis pollution factor are the main pollution factor.And COD,BOD5,physical and chemical factors,lead,cyanide pollution and so on are the main pollution factor of the period II.By field researching,the informations of 49 outlets in the Upstream of Zhanghe Basin are collected and organized in September 2013.Industrial waste water sinkhole is the primary outlets in all,accounting for 51%.The distribution of the main outlets is in the Changzhi city?suburb districts and surrounding counties where the industry is relatively developed.71key sources of pollution hidden trouble are troubleshooted and checked in.It involved in ore mining and washing,coal char,chemical engineering,manufacturing of chemical materials,municipal wastewater and so on.The distribution of the main pollution hidden trouble is Jiaoqu,Xianyuan,Lucheng of Zhuozhanghe Basin in Changzhi city Shanxi province;Heshun,Zuoquan of Qingzhanghe Basion in Jinzhong city Shanxi province;Cixian of Zhanghe Basion in Handan city Hebei provence.And the main pollutant compositions and harmful ways of typical industries with pollution high-risks were also analyzed.Eight main pollution sources are identified that contributed greatly to NH₄⁺-N,and three main pollution sources are identified that contributed greatly to COD.They are both based on equal standard pollution loading method.The migration law of pollutants entering waters were simulated by adopting the WASP7.3 software invented by USEPA.A detailed comprehensive emergency response system was built,and provided scientific solution to prevent serious water pollution accidents in the Upstream of Zhanghe Basin.The system refers to many departments and persons.Once a water pollution accident occured,we can response and solve rapidly to ensure the safety of water as long as the system builds complete and staff takes every precaution at any time.