Study On Producting Silage By Mixed Agricultural Residues

Agricultural residues are the waste which produced in the process of production and processing of agricultural products.It will cause environmental pollution and resources waste with abandoned litterly or burned wildly,this research was about screening Lactobacillus from residue of fruit.The changes of nutrition and the effect of laying hens of the silage producted by cassava residue,tea residue,citrus peel and okara was being studied.The main results were as follows:Fristly,twelve strains isolated from pericarp of fruit.The strains of R-1 and R-4 were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum and R-5 were identified as Pediococcus through morphological,physiological and biochemical test,molecular biology identification.Then the growth performance and the resistance to acid of the three strains were analyzed.The result showed that R-1 strain grew fast,produced acid more and quickly.And it also can survive in the low temperature and low acid environment.The result showed that R-1 strain could use for the silage inoculant.Secondly,the effects of R-1 strain for the quality of agricultural byproducts silage were analyzed.Treatments were made with: without inoculant(CK),inoculation with R-1 strains(R-1)and inoculation with commercial inoculant(SI).The silage were ensiled in laboratory silos for45 days.The fermentation and chemical composition determinations were made during the ensiling days.Tt turns out that adding inoculant has significant effects.In the terms of fermentation qualities,inoculation with R-1 and commercial inoculant increased the population of LAB while decreased pH and the population of yeast(P < 0.05).The population of moud can't be detected after 45 days ensiling.In the terms of nutritional qualities,inoculation with R-1and commercial inoculant increased the content of CP and SCP while decreased content of CF and ADF(P < 0.05).Compared with CK and SI group,the pH and CF decreased while the content of CP and the aerobic stability increased in the R-1 group(P < 0.05).Thirdly,the composition of volatile flavoring substances in silage which before and after ensiling was detected.218 components were examined.There are 104 components before fermentation and 147 components after fermentation.Turns out that before ensiling the content of aldehyde,alcohols,esters,hydrocarbon,carboxylic acids,ketone and others were about 2.19%,7.62%,14.34%,30.40%,0.69%,11.89% and 32.45%.After ensiling the content of aldehyde,alcohols,esters,hydrocarbon,carboxylic acids,ketone and others were about 2.50%,3.29%,28.62%,44.01%,2.32%,2.03% and 19.08%.After fermentation,reduce the components of ketones,and increase the components of esters,hydrocarbons and carboxylic acid.Lastly,the effects of silage on laying hens were studied.The number of laying hens is totally 180,six processing experiment design.The test last for 30 days.The effects of different amounts of silage on the production and growth performance,feed utilization and serum biochemical indexes of laying hens were studied.It turns out that there is no difference on growth performance between groups.30% silage added in feed can improve egg performance,egg yolk yellower while lower the cholesterol of yolk.So 30% silage adding in feed can not only reduce cost,but also can improve the quality of the eggs.