Study On Fabrication Of Antireflective Structures On The Solar Glass Surface By Femtosecond Laser

As an ideal renewable green energy,solar energy is listed as one of the priorities of future research and development.The use of solar energy provides a new path for human beings to solve the energy crisis and protect human living environment.Photovoltaic power generation technology involves transforming solar energy into electricity by solar cells and it is an efficient way to make use of solar energy.The world has been committed to promoting the solar cell photoelectric conversion efficiency.As an indirect way to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells,that reducing the surface reflection of solar glass,thereby enhancing the use of incident light,has aroused widespread concern around the world.In this paper,ultra-clear glass was used as the experimental object.First,the SiO₂ microsphere film was prepared on its surface by spin-coating.Then,the antireflective micro/nano-structure was fabricated by the femtosecond laser which could reduce the reflection of incident light and improve the use the amount of it,thus promoting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cells.The main research content of this paper focus on the following three aspects:1.The antireflection characteristics of the nanorod arrays including cosine cross section,parabolic section,conical section and its corresponding nanohole arrays on glass were studied by using time domain finite difference method?FDTD?.It is found that for the nanohole arrays,the cosine section has little difference from the parabolic section in terms of antireflective effect,and both are superior to the antireflection effect of the conical section.For nanorod arrays,the effect of morphology on antireflection is relatively small,and the antireflection of the three different types of nanorod is relatively close.By comparing the antireflective properties of the nanorod arrays and its corresponding nanohole arrays on the glass substrate,it is confirmed that the nanorod arrays are more suitable for the field of antireflection than the corresponding nanohole arrays.2.A single layer microsphere film with diameter of 1?m was prepared on the surface of glass substrate with size of 3cm × 3cm by spin coating method.The important factors which influence the forming of the tightly arranged single layer microspheres with the highest surface coverage including surface treatment,spinning speed,spinning time and solution quantity,were studied and analyzed.When the first step spin speed is 400rpm,the spin coating time 18s,the second step is 3000rpm,the spin coating time 20s,the highest surface coverage 81%is obtained.3.Micro/nano antireflective structure was prepared by irradiating the surface of glass substrate covered by SiO₂ microspheres with femtosecond laser.The effect of single pulse energy on the morphology of microstructure on glass surface was studied.In addition,the optical properties and hydrophobicity of microstructure were studied and analyzed.The results show that the antireflective effect of micro-nanostructure prepared by 45?J is the best,and the structure is composed of a hole-like structure and a stripe-like structure.The average reflectance in the range of 400nm to 800nm is about 4%,and it is gradually increasing in the near-infrared wavelength;the contact angle of the surface of the micro-nanostructured prepared with 45?J is 93°.