Extraction,physicochemical Properties And Hypolipidemic Effect Of Dietary Fiber From Bamboo Shoots

In this study,bamboo shoots are as raw material.Preparation methods of bamboo shoot dietary fiber are enzyme method and chemical method,and the properties of soluble dietary fiber?SDF?of the two methods were measured and compared;the effects of particle size and different extraction methods of bamboo shoots total dietary fiber?TDF?composition,structure,physicochemical properties were studied;In addition,the hypolipidemic effects of bamboo shoot SDF,insoluble dietary fiber?IDF?and TDF on hyperlipidemia mice were also investigated.The aim of this study is to improve the additional value of bamboo shoots and provide some theoretical support for their application in the development of health care products.Bamboo shoot dietary fiber obtained by chemical methods?BSCDF?and enzymatic hydrolysis?BSEDF?were prepared,and the effects of preparation methods,as well as the particle sizes of dietary fibers on their physicochemical and functional properties were evaluated.The results indicated that the content of total dietary fiber in BSEDF was higher than that in BSCDF,whereas the content of soluble dietary fiber in BSCDF was higher than that in BSEDF.The water holding capacity?WHC?,water swelling capacity?WSC?and oil absorption capacity?OAC?,glucose adsorption capacity?GAC?and glucose retardation index?GRI?of BSEDF and BSCDF reached 15.13 g/g and 14.49 g/g,28.75 m L/g and 16.72 mL/g,8 g/g and 10.15 g/g,2.37 mmol/g and 42.22%6.89 mmol/g,and 40.92%,respectively.Moreover,WRC of BSCDF and BSEDF had no significant difference and decreased with the increase in the mesh size?40-200?.WSC and OAC of the two dietary fibers both increased when the sieve mesh sizes increased from 40 to 120,but decreased when the sieve mesh size was above 120.The GRI of BSCDF and BSEDF was found mostly at 30 min and then gradually diminished with the increase in time.Besides the ability of oil adsorption,the physicochemical and functional properties of BSEDF are better than BSCDF,indicating that BSEDF could be added into food and health products as functional ingredients.Soluble dietary fiber extracted by enzyme hydrolysis?E-SDF?and that extracted by chemical method?C-SDF?both showed good water solubility,emulsifying activity and emulsifying stability.ABTS radical scavenging ability,DPPH radical scavenging ability and hydroxyl free radical scavenging ability of C-SDF were stronger than E-SDF,whereas the Fe³⁺reducing the ability of E-SDF was higher than C-SDF.When the concentration reached 5 mg/mL,the DPPH free radical scavenging rate of E-SDF and C-SDF reached 83.78%and 80.50%,respectively.In the temperature range of 25-400?,E-SDF showed higher peak temperature and larger enthalpy than C-SDF,indicating that the former one has better thermal stability.The hypolipidemic effect showed that TDF,SDF and IDF had good effect on reducing the value of total cholesterol?TC?,triglyceride?TG?,low density lipoprotein-cholesterol?LDL-C?,arteriosclerosis index?AI?,liver index?LI?and improving the value of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol?HDL-C?.The effect of TDF on hyperlipidemia mice was the best.The TC,TG and LDL-C in TDF group were decreased by 22.46%,29.21%and42.23%,respectively,and HDL-C was increased by 35.85%.Compared with the model control group,the AI and LI in the TDF group showed significant difference,indicating that TDF was of good ability in reducing blood lipid.