Experimental Study On The Effect Of Surface Elasticity On The Stability Of Ice/Material Interface

In a low-temperature environment,the ice appeared in the surface of materials.It is common in the fields of the power network,aeronautics and astronautics,automobile,refrigerated storage and other engineering fields.It is inconvenience and harm to the production and living.For example,it obscures the working surface of parts,increases the weight of the aircraft,and reduces the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger and so on.It affects the reliability and security of mechanics.In this paper,the effect of elastic modulus,distribution,and thickness of an elastic coating on the formation and stability of ice/ material interface is studied through experiments.The tangential adhesion force of ice is the determinant index.This paper provides a method and the technical scheme for the study on the method and technology of anti-icing based on surface improvement method.The main research and conclusion follow as:(1)This paper uses frost heaving forces to reduce the adhesion.The influence of surface elastic modulus,distribution(coating shape,size,spacing,and duty ratio)and thickness of an elastic coating on the phase change process and the adhesion of the ice are studied.Aluminum alloy and PMMA are the substrates in the experiment.For determining the effect of modulus of elasticity on the phase transition and the adhesion force of ice,BOPP membrane and WH-705 silicone rubber are used as the elastic coating.The tangential adhesion force of ice was measured by the tangential ice adhesion apparatus.For investigating the effect of the distribution and thickness of the elastic coating on the phase transition process and the properties of the ice adhesion,WH-705 silicone rubber was used as an elastic coating.The tangential freezing adhesive force of PMMA was obtained,which are coated with different shape distribution(hexagonal,circular,striped,mesh).The influence of four factors of the elastic coating on the tangential adhesion force of the aluminum substrate is analyzed,including diameter,spacing,thickness and duty ratio.The optimum parameters of elastic coating on the partial surface of the aluminum substrate are obtained by response surface methodology.(2)The experimental results show that the elastic substrate has a significant effect on the tangential freezing adhesive force of the material.The effects of different elastic coatings on the tangential viscosity adhesion are different.After the BOPP was coated on the partial surface of the aluminum substrate,the tangential adhesion force of ice increased about 13.04%(stripe)and 8.55%(round).After the WH-705 silicone rubber was coated on the partial surface of the aluminum substrate,the tangential adhesion force of ice decreased about 30.22%(stripe)and 35.70%(round).It can be seen that the use of the elastic coating on the surface of the material with smaller elastic modulus has a positive effect on reducing the tangential adhesion force of ice.And the area of ice/ material interface is proportional to the tangential adhesion force of ice.So,the results show the tangential adhesion force of ice after a circular coating is lower than other shapes.Through the optimization analysis and experimental verification,for the aluminum substrate,the effect of the distance of the circle's centers,the area,thickness,diameter of the coating on tangential adhesion force of ice decrease item by item.And with the increase of the diameter,the distance of the circle's centers,thickness and the area of the coating,the tangential adhesion force of ice decreases first and then increases.When the diameter is 2.26 mm,the distance of the circle's centers is 6.74 mm,the ratio of the coated area to the uncoated area is 11.01%,and the thickness is 0.27 mm,the effect of reducing the tangential adhesion force of ice is the best.(3)The effect of the elastic modulus of the surface on the ice/ material interface during the phase transition process is analyzed.When the water is frozen on the surface,the part of the water that is in contact with the outside is frozen first,because the temperature of the cold surface and environment is low and heat radiates during the solidification of the liquid.With the heat transfer,water is frozen inward.Water is incompressible.So,the ice shell will be affected by the frost heaving forces.This makes the interface between the ice and the substrate unstable.The coating on the part surface of the substrate changes the direction of the frost heaving forces.It makes the frost heaving forces unevenly distributed.The instability of the interface is magnified.This will eventually cause cracks or complete separation between the ice and the base.(4)To explore the feasibility of practical application of this scheme,the mudguard and the fender inner panel of the car around the snow ice accretion was studied,when the road was covered with snow and ice.The elastic mudguard model was designed and tested in practice.The results show a significant reduction in the tangential adhesion force of ice when the elastic coating changes the elasticity of the surface of the mudguard.The emergence of ice is delayed on the mudguard.The speed of icing is slowed down.These confirm that the change in the elasticity of the surface has a positive effect on the reduction of the tangential adhesion force of ice.It is proved that the model has practical significance and engineering reference value.As a theoretical research in applied research,the aim of this paper is to discuss the method and technology of anti-icing using frost heaving forces.The effect of the surface elastic coating on the stability of the ice interface has been preliminarily studied.It provides a new idea for the anti-icing technology of practical engineering.