Study On Differential High-speed Centrifugal Electrospinning Process And Device For Polymer Melt

Centrifugal electrospinning combines electro spinning with centrifugal spinning.In the spinning process,electrostatic force and centrifugal force act on the liquid jet at the same time.When the viscous resistance and surface tension of the liquid jet are less than the combined force of these two forces,the liquid jet will be stretched to obtain the ultrafine fiber.The rotation speed and voltage required for centrifugal electrospinning are lower,so its operational risk is reduced.Melt centrifugal electrospinning does not require the preparation of a solution,which reduces spinning costs.The addition of centrifugal force also contributes to fiber refinement.In solution spinning,the addition of centrifugal force to some extent eliminates the instability of the electrospinning jet.This paper has designed a new type of melt centrifugal electrospinning device:The device mainly includes collection system,spinning system,heating system,feeding system and so on.The core of the device is the design of the centrifugal disk.The outer edge of the disk is a zigzag groove structure,which has the advantages of non-blocking,high spinning efficiency and even spinning.The polymer droplets are subjected to centrifugal force and electric field force at the outer edge of the disk,and the melt is differentiated and stretched into fibers.Based on the innovative device design of this article,an experimental study of the process parameters was performed.Single-factor study:It mainly studies the effect of the rotation speed of the centrifuge disc,the speed of the extruder,the voltage of the electric field,and the temperature of the disc on the morphology of the fiber.The results show that the higher the rotation speed of the disk,or the higher the voltage,the more conducive to the refinement of the fiber,is conducive to the preparation of nanofibers with good morphology.The speed of the centrifugal disk of this device is up to 4000 r/min and the spinning voltage is up to 45 kV.The increase in the temperature of the disk facilitates fiber refinement,but the effect is not obvious.Extruder speed increase is not conducive to fiber refinement.Multi-factor orthogonal experimental study:The results showed that the spinning effect was the most when the rotating speed of the centrifugal disk was 4000 r/min,the rotating speed of the extruder was 10 r/min,the spinning voltage was 45 kV,and the spinning disc temperature was 220?.Well,the prepared fibers have an average diameter of 1?m or less.Experimental studies have shown that the rotation speed of the disk and the rotation speed of the extruder have a great influence on the average fiber diameter,and the spinning voltage plays a crucial role in the fiber's crystallinity.Increasing the rotation speed of the spinning disk or increasing the spinning voltage is beneficial to the uniformity of the fiber diameter and the increase in the rotating speed of the extruder,which is not conducive to the uniformization of the fiber diameter.Research on high-vis-cosity materials:High-viscosity PLA materials were used for centrifugal electrospinning experiments.Experiments showed that the extrusion rate of high-viscosity materials was lower than that of low-viscosity materials.Increasing the rotation speed of spinning disks or increasing the spinning voltage was also favorable for fibers refinement.The increase in spinning voltage is conducive to the increase of fiber crystallinity.