| With the improvement of living standards and the diversity of food,people's intake of fat tends to increase.A large number of high fat diet is an important factor in fat intake,but high fat diet is the main inducer of many chronic diseases such as obesity,lipid metabolism disorder,diabetes and other diseases.A large number of studies have shown that high fat diet can lead to nonalcoholic fatty liver,lung injury,aorta injury,decreased sensitivity of skeletal muscle insulin,abnormal insulin secretion and liver injury.The liver is an organ with metabolic function as the main body.It has physical functions such as material metabolism,detoxification and inactivation,sugar,protein,lipid biological transformation and other physiological functions,which are easily infringed.In recent years,the prevention and treatment of liver injury and the mechanism of action have become the focus of research.Modern medicine has proved that mulberry leaves have the effects of reducing blood sugar,antioxidation,antiviral,anti-tumor,bacteriostasis,and antipathogenic microorganism.However,there are few reports about the effect and mechanism of the protective liver function of mulberry leaves.In this study,the effects and mechanisms of mulberry leaf alkaloid extract on liver function in mice fed with high fat diet were discussed from the perspective of liver injury mechanism.The main results are as follows:(1)The basic growth index and liver tissue morphology of high fat diet mice were studied by the crude extract of mulberry leaf alkaloid,and the high dose of mulberry alkaloid crude extract every day could significantly reduce the weight and liver coefficient of mice(P < 0.05).Compared with the high fat control group,the effect of high dose of mulberry alkaloid crude extract was the best for 16 weeks,the weight of female mice decreased by 28.88%(P < 0.05)and the liver coefficient decreased by24.13%(P < 0.05).For 16 weeks,the morphological structure of the liver cells and the accumulation of fat were obviously improved,the size of the nucleus was normal,andthe liver cells gradually appeared regular polygon,which was close to the normal level.(2)to study the effect of mulberry leaf alkaloid extract on liver function index of high fat diet mice,the content of AST,ALT,ALP,TBil and DBil in serum can be significantly reduced,and the content of TP and Alb can be significantly increased(P <0.05).Compared with the high fat control group,the AST level of female rats decreased by 51.23%(P < 0.05),the level of ALT decreased by 50.42%(P < 0.05),ALP level decreased by 29.82%(P < 0.05),TBil content decreased by 63.89%(P < 0.05),and DBil decreased 67%(P < 0.05).The content of TP increased by 60.50%(P < 0.05),and the content of Alb increased by 73.79%(P < 0.05).It showed that the crude extract of mulberry leaf alkaloid had better effect on the abnormal liver function index caused by high fat diet and reduced the degree of liver injury.(3)The effect of mulberry leaf alkaloid extract on liver inflammation in high fat diet mice was studied.It was found that the high dose of mulberry alkaloid crude extract every day could significantly reduce the content of pro-inflammatory factor TNF-alpha and its mRNA expression,increase the IL-10 content of anti inflammatory factor and its mRNA expression(P < 0.05).Compared with high fat control group,the content of TNF-alpha in female rats decreased by 40.70%(P < 0.05),IL-10 content increased by84.02%(P < 0.05),TNF-alpha mRNA expression decreased by 61.58%(P < 0.05)and IL-10 mRNA expression was up 125.04%(P < 0.05).The results showed that the crude extract of mulberry leaf alkaloid could reduce the expression of TNF-alpha mRNA and increase the expression of IL-10 mRNA to reduce the content of TNF-alpha in the liver and increase the content of IL-10,so as to control the occurrence of inflammation.(4)The effect of the crude extract of mulberry leaf alkaloid on the apoptosis of liver cells was studied.It was found that the daily gastric perfusion of high dose of mulberry alkaloid can significantly reduce the apoptosis index of the liver cells,inhibit the expression of Bax and the expression of mRNA,and promote the expression of Bcl-2 and the expression of mRNA(P < 0.05).Compared with the high fat control group,the apoptosis index of the liver cells in the female rats decreased by 48.68%(P <0.05),the positive rate of Bax protein expression decreased by 66.94%(P < 0.05),the expression of Bax mRNA was 53.43%(P < 0.05),and the positive rate of Bcl-2 egg white expression increased by 89.13%(P < 0.05).The expression of Bcl-2 mRNA increased by 137.18%(P < 0.05).The results showed that the crude extract of mulberry leaf alkaloid could improve the apoptosis of liver cells in high fat diet mice,maintain the dynamic balance of cell apoptosis and reduce the damage caused by apoptosis to the liver.These results suggest that high fat diet can cause liver function damage in mice.The crude extract of mulberry alkaloid can reduce the degree of liver function damage in mice,improve the inflammatory response of liver tissue and inhibit the apoptosis of liver cells.The effect can be reached to the normal level.It may be regulated by the regulation of the inflammatory factor gene TNF-alpha mRNA and IL-10 mRN.A expression improves inflammatory infiltration of the liver,regulates the expression ofBcl-2 protein,regulates the expression of Bcl-2 protein,regulates the expression of Bax mRNA and Bcl-2 mRNA,and plays the role of inhibiting apoptosis.It reduces body fat accumulation,inflammatory infiltration and cell withering from protein level and transcriptional level,and reduces body weight and liver coefficient.In order to improve the liver injury. |
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