The Analysis Of Heavy Metal Pollution And Health Risk Assessment Of Fine Particles In Harbin

The pollution of fine particles not only pollutes the urban environment,but also affects the normal life of residents.The heavy metals in the fine particles are one of the harmful substances that injures human's body.Therefore,it is essential to study the pollution of fine particles especially heavy metals and its possible impact on human's life.In this study,a medium-flow particle sampler was used to collect PM_2.5.5 and PM_1.0samples of Harbin.The mass concentration of fine particles was calculated using the gravimetric method while the samples were digested by electrothermal plate and determined by ICP-MS.Besides,the experimental data was substituted into the Poisson model to assess the health risks of fine particulates and the health risks of heavy metals in fine particulates were analyzed with the health exposure risk assessment and bioavailability model.At the same time,an exposure risk assessment model based on the contribution rate of bioavailability was tentatively proposed to provide new ideas for the study of fine particles and promote the research of environmental health.Through experimental analysis of the concentration of fine particles,the concentration of heavy metals such as Pb,Zn,and Cd,and the distribution of heavy metals,the results showed that the correlation coefficient between PM_2.5.5 and PM_1.0.0 was0.93 that the trend of mass concentration were similar and PM_1.0.0 accounted for the vast majority of PM_2.5?>80%?.The concentration of Cd in the fine particles was 1.25 times of that of the ambient air standard so that it was severely polluted.The heavy metal concentration of the fine particulate matter during heating period was 1.8 times of that of the non-heating period,and the heavy metal concentration ratio was 0.6 between PM_2.5.5 and PM_1.0,indicating that the heavy metals were mainly enriched in PM_1.0.The exchangeable and carbonate bound states of Cd,Co,Pb,and Zn accounted for more than 50%of the total,which was more active,while the residual fraction of Cr accounted for more than 70%,which was the most stable.According to the Poisson model,35290 deaths or morbidity occurred in which the incidence of acute bronchitis was most affected and 122.4 million yuan was lost at the current exposure of PM_2.5.5 which was 71.21?g/m³.The non-carcinogenic risk of heavy metals such as Pb,Zn,and Cd in the fine particles of children was significantly higher than that of adults.The Pb,Mn had non-carcinogenic risk to human,while Cr had non-carcinogenic risk to children.The Pb and Mn not only had a non-carcinogenic risk,but also had high environmental mobility of which ecological risk index was higher than30%.The exposure risk assessment based on the contribution rate of bioavailability showed that Cr had the lowest risk factor and the other metals had higher risk factors which were more than 0.5.Also,Pb and Mn had non-carcinogenic risk for all populations,and the risk of Mn was higher than that of Pb.