Research On Path Planning Of Laser Cladding Based On Controlling Spot Scanning Area

Laser cladding is a new technology for intelligent remanufacturing,metal powder is used as the material.With high-energy laser irradiation,the powder is quickly melted and cooled,the metallurgical bond with the surface of the substrate is formed.Finally,the physical and chemical properties layer which is higher than the substrate surface is formed,which can effectively extend the life of critical components.Laser cladding technology has characteristics for highly automated,clean and environmentally friendly,which meet the requirements of sustainable development of the green industry.Laser cladding is a surface modification technology that attracts much attention in the industrial field.Reasonable planning of laser cladding path is the necessary requirement for obtaining ideal cladding layer,in this paper,the path planning of laser cladding for key components is carried out based on the blade of steam turbine and rubber extrusion rod.Through the research and exploration of NURBS method,the model reconstruction of blade is completed.On the basis of the characteristics of laser cladding process,a path planning method based on spot area control is proposed,and the laser cladding interpolation points are obtained.According to the interpolation point,the off-line programming has been carried out to improve the efficiency of the cladding processing.The correctness of the cladding path is verified by the trajectory simulation,and the test of the cladding process is completed.The quality of the cladding layer is analyzed,and the feasibility of the method is proved.The contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:First of all,the data points of the blade surface are obtained by the 3D Coordinate Measuring Machine,and the reverse of the blade model is completed by using the NURBS method with high fitting precision.By analyzing the process of laser cladding,the principle of path planning is obtained.Taking the stability of process parameters in the process of laser cladding as the goal,the length direction of parts is selected as the scanning direction of laser cladding.In order to get the ideal cladding layer,the path planning method of parts and surfaces with plane and curved surface parts is analyzed.Combined with the working characteristics of laser cladding,a new interpolation method for curved parts is presented,which is constrained by the spot area.By analyzing the laser cladding process of the parts,the mathematical model of cylinder and curvature ball is established and the correctness of the modeling is verified by UG software.By solving the mathematical model,the interpolation points of the blade parts are obtained by the equal area interpolation algorithm with the interpolation conditions of the error of the spot scanning area not more than 5%.The kinematics of the KUKA robot mechanism is analyzed by positive solution and inverse solution,and the motion law of the robot is obtained.The coupling relationship between the positioner and the robot is established,to ensure the correctness of the trajectory,the simulation software is used to simulate the cladding track of the rubber extrusion rod and the blade.The suitable laser cladding process parameters are obtained through the process test.The off-line programming of the cladding track is carried out and the laser cladding coating is prepared.At last,the quality of the cladding layer is analyzed by macro and micro structure,and the feasibility of the method is verified.