Empirical Research On The Influence Of Environmental Regulation Over The Green Total Factor Productivity About Industry In Chongqing

In the early period of reform and opening up in 1978,China's industrial level was backward and its technical content was small.Then,with the sacrifice of the environment and the excessive consumption of resources,the rapid development of China's economy was brought about.Since Chongqing became a municipality directly under the Central Government in 1997,the economy has achieved rapid growth in just 20 years,and the “6+1” pillar industry structure for automobiles,electronics,equipment,chemical medicine,materials,consumer goods,and energy has been formed,but at the same time,economic development has also taken place.We still face greater pressure for energy conservation and emission reduction.Total factor productivity is generally used to measure the quality of economic development.It represents the surplus of capital and labor factors that deduct growth.Green total factor productivity takes pollution emissions into account,incorporates undesired outputs into accounting,and more realistically measures the quality of economic development.Therefore,how to improve the green total factor productivity of Chongqing through the rational formulation of environmental regulations and realize the sustainable and green development of the industrial economy has become the key.Based on the existing research,this paper uses the directional distance function based on slack variables(SBM-DDF model)and Global Malmquist-Luenberger(GML index)to measure the total green industrial factor productivity in Chongqing based on the assumption of CRS and according to the actual energy consumption intensity as a standard for industrial division,the 37 industry are divided into high energy consumption,middle energy consumption and low energy consumption industries.Under the Tobit model the results show that: as a whole,the contribution rate of Chongqing's industrial GTFP to the economy has shown a V-shaped trend change,and the volatility is relatively large;under the influence of purely technological progress and scale efficiency “two-wheel drive”,the 37 industry`s GTFP of Chongqing increased by 16.02% in 2004-2016,of which the fastest growing was the low energy consuming industry,followed by the middle and high energy consuming industries;Secondly,the environmental management(ER)lagging behind the Chongqing industrial sector as a whole was negatively correlated with the GTFP.The ER and GTFP in the high energy consuming industry show a positive “U” shape.The ER and GTFP in the middle energy consuming industry laging behind in the first phase.The ER and GTFP in the low energy consuming industry laging behind in the first phase and have a positive “U” relationship.In addition,this paper selects representative indicators from the direct and indirect effects to specifically analyze the impact of environmental regulation.In the direct effect of the impact,for the industry as a whole,high and low energy consumption industries,Chongqing industrial research and development investment and pollution control investment have a significant positive correlation with GTFP,but the middle energy consumption industry in the opposite;The impact of the indirect in the effect,no matter in the industry as a whole,or in the high,middle and low energy consuming industries,there is a significant positive correlation between industrial competitiveness and GTFP under the influence of ER in the current or lag period,from the perspective of industrial structure adjustment.The industrial structure adjustment under the current ER effect is negatively correlated with the whole industry and the GTFP of the middle and low energy consuming industries.Under the lag of the first stage ER,the industrial structure adjustment is positively correlated with the industry's overall and middle and low energy consuming industries' GTFP.Therefore,this paper proposes to improve Chongqing by strengthening technological innovation,adjusting environmental regulation policies based on different kinds of industry,controlling the intensity of investment in pollution and correctly guiding the direction of R&D investment,adjusting and optimizing industrial structure and improving industrial competitiveness of city's industrial green total factor productivity.