Research On Mechanism Of Improving Hepatic Fatty Acid Oxidation And Inflammation In Mice With High-fat Diet By Hawthorn Pectin Oligosaccharide

Haw pectin oligosaccharide(HPPS)is an oligomeric oligosaccharide derived from pectin in hawthorn fruit.It is an excellent water-soluble dietary fiber,with lower serum cholesterol,enhanced immunity,anti-oxidation,anti-inflammatory and other functions.In this paper,HPPS were used as experimental materials,and mice fed with high fat diet were used as animal models.We used mice with high-fat diet by hawthorn pectin oligosaccharide to research the mechanism of improving hepatic fatty acid oxidation and inflammation.The results are as follows:1.HPPS can decrease the liver weight,body weight,food effiency ratio,total liver cholesterol and total triglyceride levels in mice with high-fat diet,and significantly increased the genes and protein expression levels of adiponectin,AdipoR1,and AdipoR2 in the liver of mice with high-fat diet.HPPS increases the mRNA and protein expression of LKB1,and increase the phosphorylation and activity of hepatic AMPK,then inhibits the expression of hepatic ACC and up-regulate the expression of CPT-1.In addition,HPPS can promote the expression of mitochondrial function-related genes PGC-1?,NRF-1 and Tfam,and the mRNA levels of PGC-1? upregulate by 104.5% and 145.4%,mRNA levels of NRF-1 were 66.7% and 188.1%,Tfam mRNA levels were 69% and 96.2%,respectively,at doses of 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg.From these experimental results,it can be seen that HPPS has a significant role in promoting and improving fatty acid oxidation in the liver,and its promotion may be related to hepatic adiponectin,and it is realized that HPPS could activate hepatic adiponectin/AMPK signaling pathway and promote liver mitochondrial function.2.HPPS decreases total fat content in the liver and reduced liver fat infiltration.At the same time,the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-? and IL-6 are significantly reduced,and the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was increased.At high and medium dose of HPPS can significantly decrease the expression of NF-kB gene and protein and upregulate the expression of SIRT1 gene.The mRNA expression of NF-kB decreases by 30.3% and 41.4%,protein expression decreases by 46% and 63%,and the mRNA expression of of SIRT1 increase by 27.7% and 85.1%,at the does150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg.Meanwhile,HPPS significantly(p<0.05-p<0.01)inhibites the mRNA expression of TNF-? and its receptor genes,TNF-? mRNA down-regulates by 33.5% and 41.8% 40.9%,TNFR1 mRNA down-regulates by 50.5%,66.6% and 32.3%,TRAF2 mRNA down-regulates by 21.8%,61.9% and 72.4%,at the does of 50,150,and 300 mg/kg,respectively.On the other hand,high dose(300 mg/kg)of HPPS can also significantly reduce the mRNA expression of RIP1,NIK,and IKK?.From these experimental results,it can be seen that HPPS has a significant improvement on liver inflammation,and its improvement is related to inhibite activation of NF-kB.