Study On Safe Storage Based On Infrared Radiation And Uinform Blanking

To ensure the safety of grain storage and reduce the cost of rice processing.In this paper,based on the technology of infrared radiation(IR)and uniform grain drop to study the safety control of grain storage.On the one hand,insects and fungus in grain were measured with IR treatment before storage,which can reduce the possibility of growth of insects and fungus.On the other hand,the structure optimization of the unpowered grain spreader is to improve the uniformity of grain distribution in squat silos,and ensure the safety of grain storage.Results of this research involved that:(1)The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of adult insects(Sitophilus zeamais and Tribolium castaneum)and the 21.1%drying base(d.b.)MC of rough rice by ATR-FTIR spectra,and determine the theoretical optimum infrared(IR)heating temperature of the tested samples.In laboratory experiments,a ceramic IR drying device was used to heat infested rough rice to research the mortality of S.zeamais and T.castaneum,the drying characteristics of rough rice,and milling quality.The theoretical calculation optimum temperature of IR heating was 300 ? according to the results of FTIR spectra.In addition,the effects of the different IR radiation intensities and heated rough rice temperatures on mortality of insects,moisture removal,and milling quality were determined in this text.A high insect mortality,heating rate and corresponding high moisture removal were achieved by using IR heating.(2)After heating,tempering process significantly increased insect mortality when the heated rice temperature less than 55 ?,and improve moisture removal and milling quality of rough rice during nature air cooling.When the rice heated under the IR radiation intensity of 2780 W/m2 for 110 s,the results were a rice temperature of 60.2° ± 0.5 ?,100%mortality of S.zeamais and T.castaneum and 3.97 percentage points of moisture removal(d.b.)during the heating period after tempering and natural cooling.In addition,the high rice milling can be achieved after tempering treatment.Thus,we concluded that the optimum conditions of simultaneous disinfestation and drying were 60 ? rice temperature under the IR radiation intensity of 1926 W/m2,followed by tempering and natural cooling.(3)The mortality rate of grain fungus was about 65%with IR treatment,and it was difficult to kill grain fungus completely.Under the IR intensity of 2125 W/m2,the mortality of grain fungus was higher than those treated with other IR intensities.When the rice was heated to 65 ?,the mortality of rice fungus was 88.2±1.3%,which was the highest mortality over the experiments.When the temperature of heated rice rose to more than 55 ? with tempering treatment,the mortality rate of rice fungus could reach more than 98%,and the moisture of the rice was low.(4)The application of unpowered grain spreader is one of the effective methods to alleviate the phenomenon of excessive concentration of impurity.However,it is prone to bias drop because of the reasonable ring width.Discrete element method is used to simulate the drop process of particles under different ring widths.The process of particle falling in the over flow barrel is simulated through the global variable setting,particle model,geometry creation,and the definition of particle factory.The fitting analysis was conducted to describe the correlation of feed flows and widths of annular gap(P<0.01).The fitting equation was y=452.4x2 +9755.3x+0.6 and had high R2 value(R2=0.97)which indicated that the fitting was reliable.The result can provide a theoretical reference for the design of unpowered grain spreader in squat silos.(5)Study on distribution of the impurities and the cooling effect of the grain pile ventilation by the application of the unpowered grain spreader.The results showed that the height difference of 19 grain heaps within 1.6 m in the process of entering the squat silos.The uniformity distribution of impurity due to the application of unpowered grain spreader in squat silos.The grain temperature from 26 ? to 15 ? through ventilation and cooling treatment.It is verified that the application of grain spreader can effectively reduce the occurrence of impurity accumulation in the central area.According to the experimental results,the structure of the unpowered grain distribution is reasonable in squat silos.The equipment can effectively solve the problem of the automatic classification due to the single point blanking in squat silos.