Research On The Structure And Fiber Refining Processes Of PMFT Rattan

With the development of Science and Technology,synthetic fiber has been greatly enriched people's life by being widely used in the field of textile and garment.However,Synthetic fabrics have a lot of problems,such as comfort,safety and waste pollution and so on,which have plagued people increasingly.Therefore,with the condition of cotton,linen,wool,silk and other natural fiber's production close to saturation and the shortage of petroleum,coal and natural gas,it is urgent to develop some new renewable natural resources.As a kind of natural ecological and environmental protection fiber,the development and utilization of PMFT fiber has attracted the attention of people.China is the major origin of Chinese Herbal Medicine PMFT,and there are hundreds of thousands of acres of cultivation every year.While produces the medicinal roots of traditional Chinese medicine,it also produces lots of by-products-rattan.Because it has many branches and its length is up 2 to 4 meters,PMFT rattan is rich in fiber resources.But the research of PMFT rattan on development and application at home and abroad are only in the field of medicine,it's rare in the textile field.Leading to the large numbers of PMFT rattan can't get effective utilization and discard off as the garbage,not only bring the pollution to the environment,but also a tremendous waste of natural resources.In this paper,we mainly studied on the rattan structure and fiber preparation process of PMFT.First,the rattan's department structure of PMFT and the chemical composition of PMFT whole rattan,phloem and rattan bone were analyzed systematically,and provided the foundation for follow-up exploration of fiber's preparation process.On this basis,we explored the fiber preparation process of pre-hydrolyzing and pre-oxidizing alkali boiling.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The rattan structure of PMFT is complex which is constituted by the main rattan and along the main rattan length direction outward growth rattan;they have not only a long length,but also obvious differences from the upper to lower part;The level of cross-section is distinct with the characteristics of skin-core structure that followed by a protective layer,phloem,cambium,wooden layer and middle cavity from outside to inside.The growth situation of respective constituent is also not same in the different parts.The protective layer is not particularly well-developed;the phloem's thickness is stable and the forming layer exhibits a discontinuous transparent;the thickness of wood layer changes greatly and there are many small round chamber in its interior.The middle cavity's shape is irregular quadrilateral,while the overall rattan contour is the approximately circular.(2)The analysis results of chemical composition in the whole PMFT rattan shows that,the grease-wax in the lateral rattan and the upper part of main rattan is more than the middle and lower of main rattan.The water soluble content were higher in the whole rattan,and they were in line with increments regularity from upper to lower part.The content of pectin in the lateral rattan were higher than the main rattan,and the lower side of PMFT rattan has the highest pectin content.The hemi-cellulose content of lateral rattan were in line with decreasing trend from the upper side to the lower side of PMFT rattan.The main rattan's hemi-cellulose was higher than the lateral rattan,and it has the highest content in the lower part of main rattan.There were a high content both in the main and lateral rattan.The content of lignin in the main rattan is higher than the lateral rattan,and both them were in line with decreasing trend from the upper to the lower part.The cellulose is mainly distributed both in the upper and central part of lateral and main rattan.From up to down,the cellulose content of lateral rattan also accord with increasing regularity.After separating the phloem and rattan bone of the PMFT rattan,we made a further analysis to the chemical composition of the different parts both in the phloem and rattan bone.The results shows that,the chemical composition's content were different in both them and the variation also have similarities and differences.All parts of the phloem's grease-wax content were higher than the rattan bone.The former were in between 2.5%to 4.5%while the latter were less than 1%.Both water soluble and pectin mainly distributed in the internal phloem and the content of rattan bone is only about 50%of the phloem's content.The content of water soluble is roughly same with pectin both in various parts of phloem and rattan bone.From the upper to lower part,the water soluble and pectin content of phloem accorded with the variation of increment and decrement respectively,while both them in rattan bone were in line with the incremental changes trend.The hemicelluloses content of rattan bone was slightly higher than the phloem.From the upper to lower part,the former and latter presented a variation of ascending and descending respectively.The lignin content of rattan bone was much higher than the phloem and both them were in line with incremental variation from the upper to lower part of PMFT rattan.The cellulose distributed in the phloem mainly and the content of all parts were more than 50%.In contrast,the content of cellulose in the rattan bone was only about 39%.From the upper to lower part,both them were in accordance with the decreasing variation.(3)By the systematical single-factor and orthogonal trial,we got the fiber refining process which achieved the full degumming as follows:Pre-hydrolyzing alkali-boiling process and its parameters:Sample preparation?pre-hydrolyzing treatment(normal temperature,time 2h)? washing?alkali boiling(concentration of NaOH 8?16g/L,concentration of Na2SiO3 1?2g/L,concentration of Na2SO31?2g/L,concentration of sodium polyphosphate 2?4g/L,normal pressure,time 2?3h,bath ratio 1:20)? washing? alkali boiling(concentration of NaOH 8?12g/L,concentration of Na2SiO31?2g/L,concentration of Na2SO31?2g/L,concentration of sodium polyphosphate 2?4g/L,normal pressure,time 2?3h,bath ratio 1:20)?washing?dehydration? applying oil(BSK2%,10 minutes,temperature 80?)?dehydration? loosing?drying? PMFT fiber.According to parameter of chemical degumming,the PMFT fiber's residual gum content and residual lignin content are 1.93%and 1.52%respectively.Pre-oxidizing alkali-boiling process and its parameters:Sample preparation?pre-oxidizing treatment(concentration of H2O26?12g/L,temperature 30?60?,time 1?3h bath ratio 1:20)? washing?alkali boiling(concentration of NaOH 12?16g/L,time 2?3h,normal pressure,bath ratio 1:20)?washing? dehydration? applying oil(BSK2%,10 minutes,temperature 80 ?)?dehydration? loosing?drying?PMFT fiberAccording to parameter of chemical degumming,the PMFT fiber's residual gum content and residual lignin content are 2.03%and 1.37%respectively.Taking the residual gum content and residual lignin content as the measurable indexes,through comparing the degumming effect of pre-hydrolyzing alkali boiling with pre-oxidizing alkali boiling,we can get the result that the former needs twice alkali boiling to achieve the degumming effect of latter which following once alkali boiling.In order to achieve the effect of full degumming,the pre-hydrolyzing alkali boiling process needs a higher alkali concentration and longer boiling time.It's not only a waste of raw materials,but also cause damage to the fiber easily.The circuit of pre-oxidizing alkali process is shorter and the whiteness,softness,length and fineness of PMFT fiber are better.