Study On Optimizing Site Selection Design For Daiyun Mountain Reserve Based On Eco-value Distribution Property

Designing the nature reserves is one of the most effective approach for protecting biodiversity.The traditional approaches for designing the nature reserves could only identify the core area for protecting the species without specifying an appropriate land area of the nature reserve,especially in the condition where contradiction become more serious between ecological protection and utilizing caused by high-speed economic development and dramatically increasing population.The site selection approaches,which are based on mathematical model,can select part of the land from the planning area to compose the nature reserve and to protect specific species or ecosystem;they are useful approaches to alleviate the contradiction between ecological protection and development.The existing site selection methods rarely consider the ecological differences between each unit and the eco-value evaluation system is still imperfect that can't be used for evaluating the site selection cases efficiently.Daiyun Mountain is one of two hugest mountain chains,known as Roof of Fujian,where distributes abundant rare and endangered plant and animal species valuable for scientific research and protection.However,existing reserve lacks of reasonable planning and the rare species representation is not enough.So this paper puts forward the modified ecological value evaluation system,alone with the site selection algorithm,to optimize the design of Daiyun Mountain reserve and verify the suitability and validity of the type of forest ecological reserve.In this study,we first modified the ecological value assessment system appropriated for forest ecosystem that was used for calculating the sublot ecological value of Daiyun Mountain.The Universal Kriging interpolation(UK)was used to predict the distribution of eco-value of Daiyun Mountain and the eco-value distribution map would be plotted.Then Ecological Set Covering Problem(ESCP)was established by integrating the ecological values and then the Space-ecology Set Covering Problem(SSCP)was generated based on the spatial compactness of ESCP.The essence of these models was to construct the objective embedding with eco-value and spatial attributes to rebuild optimal algorithm coupled with constraints,including models of SSCP-TS,SSCP-TL and SSCP-NF,and the SSCP-STS algorithm was designed based on the self-learning tabu search(STS)algorithm.Finally,the above models and algorithm were utilized to deal with the site selection planning on grid scale and sublot scale,and the optimizing strategies would be proposed based on the current Daiyun Mountain Reserve area.The main results are as following:The difference of ecological values in the spatial distribution was obvious.The ecological value of plan generated by ESCP was higher than that of SCP.SSCP could aggregate the sites with high ecological value based on ESCP,and the level of the aggregation increased with the weight of the perimeter.From the results,we determined that SSCP-TS was the most appropriate model based on gird scale and the protection target=30%,weight of perimeter=0.1 was the optimal parameter sets.Meanwhile,SSCP-STS could generate near optimal site selection plan.However,the rise of weight of perimeter almost had no effect on spatial distribution of sublot compared with grid scale,which meant that the sites selected distributed separately.The site selection plan seemed irregular and heterogeneous in shape generated on sublot scale based on current reserve area,so that the rare species could not be protected efficiently.On the contrary,The site selection plan on grid scale had a obvious and compact site distribution,which was useful for rare species existing.Finally the optimizing strategy for Daiyun Mountain site selection was proposed,that was from the center,current reserve area,3400,6400,500 and 4300 hm2 area were expanded to the north,northeast,south and west direction to form the reserve network.Our research aimed at providing an optimization scheme for the sustainable development of Daiyun Mountain nature reserve,and the optimal allocation of land resource and the novelty for designing the nature reserve of forest ecosystem in domestic.