| In this paper, polystyrene, polylactic acid, and polycaprolactone were used as the raw materials to prepare three kinds of polymer oil -absorbing materials by solution blow spinning (SBS) with a commercial airbrush. The microstructures of the materials before and after SBS were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of solution concentration, gas pressure, and spinning distance on the morphology and diameter distribution of the fibers were investigated. The structure and the thermal stability of the materials before and after SBS were studied. The water contact angles (WCA) of the raw materials and the obtained fiber membranes were measured. The adsorption properties and the reusability of the three kinds of fiber membranes were tested. The results are summarized as follows:1. Polystyrene (PS) dissolved in dichloromethane was spun to prepare the nano fibrous polystyrene membranes (PSM) through SBS with a commercialized airbrush. The results of single factor experiments showed that the average diameter of PS fibrous membranes increased with the increase of solution concentration and spinning distance, while decreased with the increase of gas pressure. The PS chemical structure did not change after SBS. The thermal stability of PSM was slightly higher than that of the raw polystyrene. The WCA of PS was 78.3°, while all the PS fiber membranes had a WCA higher than 136°. The PSM prepared at 10%, 0.3 MPa, 18 cm even had a WCA of 150.4°. It was found that the oil absorbency of PSM to motor oil,peanut oil and diesel oil was 30.78, 27.60, 16.20g/g, respectively. And the PSM had the ability to absorb oil from water surface, the oil absorbency of PSM to motor oil,peanut oil, diesel oil still reached 12.58 g/g, 6.60 g/g, 5.41 g/g after 10 repeated use cycles.2. The renewable polylactic acid (PLA) dissolved in dichloromethane was spun to prepare the nanofibrous polystyrene membranes (PLAM) through SBS with a commercial airbrush. Through single factor experiments, the average diameter of PLAM increased with the increase of solution concentration and spinning distance,and decreased with the increase of gas pressure. The PLA chemical structure did not change after spinning, but the thermal stability was slightly lower than that of the raw PLA. The WCA of PLA was 63.7°, while all the PLAM had a WCA higher than 135°.It was found that the oil absorbency of PLAM to motor oil, peanut oil and diesel oil was 42.78, 28.78, 19.50 g/g, respectively. And the PLAM could quickly absorb the oil from water surface, but its shape was easy to change. After 10 repeated use cycles,PLAM could still adsorb 13.61 g/g of mo tor oil, 13.67 g/g of peanut oil and 10.48 g/g of diesel oil, respectively.3. Polycaprolactone (PCL) dissolved in dichloromethane was spun to prepare the nanofibrous polycaprolactone membranes (PCLM) through SBS with a commercialized airbrush. SEM images showed that the morphology of the PCLM was best when the solution concentration was 7%, the gas pressure was 0.3MPa and the spinning distance was 15cm. Single factor experiments showed the average diameter of PCLM increased with the increase of solution concentration, decreased with the increase of gas pressure,and increased with the increase of distance firstly and decreased with the further increase of the distance. The chemical structure and thermal stability of PCL did not change after spinning. The WCA of PCL was 79°,while all the PCLM had a WCA higher than 130°,which indicated that the hydrophobicity of PCL was improved. It was found that the oil absorbency of PCLM to motor oil, peanut oil, and diesel oil was 30.78, 27.60, 16.20 g/g, respectively.PCLM had strong absorption and good buoyancy performance. After reused 10 times,the saturated oil absorption of PCLM to the three kinds of oil (motor oil,peanut oil,dieseloil) could still reach 11.52 g/g, 11.93 g/g, 9.08 g/g. |
PDF Full Text Request