| Xiangshan Nature Reserve is located in Zhongshan,the southern edge of the Tropic of Cancer.Because it is located in the tropical-to-subtropical transitional zone,It's vegetation types present diversity and complexity.Xiangshan Nature Reserve shows the structure and feature of the ravine and monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forests.Through the field research,and data compilation and analysis,this study takes the “Regional Biodiversity Assessment Standard”(2011)prepared by the Ministry of Environmental Protection as a core and combines the characteristics of the protected area to determine the six evaluation indicators for the first time.the biodiversity of protected area is evaluated.According to survey statistics,there are 1080 species of wild vascular plants and 199 species of animals in the wild.Among them,there are 17 types of ecosystems,18 species of unique wildlife,25 species of national key protected animals and plants,and 16 species of invasive alien species.The biodiversity index(BI)of the protected area is 27.74,and the biodiversity level is “general”.compared with the biodiversity evaluation results of the four nature reserves of the same type in Guangdong province,the characteristics of biodiversity in this area are listed of the following : the wild animal and plant resources per unit area are extremely rich;the types of ecosystems are numerous and typical.It coexists with the vulnerability of habitats;there are relatively few endemic families,genera,and species;the number of key protected species in the country is relatively small,and the number of some species has declined;potential threats to exotic species exist.After analyzing the pattern of forest landscape in this area,The forest landscape of the protected area was divided into 8 landscape types.Based on the GIS platform and Fragstats4.2 software,the landscape pattern index was used to analyze the information below: the total landscape area of the protected area was about 5000 ha,the total number ofplaques was 115,and the landscape patch area and plaque The number distribution is not uniform,the overall landscape shape is simple,and patch landscape types are abundant.Among them,mixed forests of coniferous and broad-leaved trees and evergreen broad-leaved forests have large numbers of patches,large areas,and complex shapes,which are the dominant landscape types of protected areas.The bamboo forest and artificial vegetation have the least patches,the smallest area,and scattered spots.From the perspective of the connectivity analysis of the landscape,the landscape sprawl index and the degree of aggregation index of the protected areas are relatively high,which indicates that the density of various landscape patches in the protected areas is low.From the perspective of landscape diversity analysis,the diversity index of aromatics in protected areas was low and the evenness index was low,indicating that the overall landscape diversity of protected areas was not high,but the types of landscape patches were unevenly distributed,and the landscape elements varied from each others greatly.To sum up,the forest landscape in the protected areas generally shows high degree of aggregation of various landscape types,low spatial heterogeneity,low fragmentation,low landscape diversity,and high overall ecological quality.Based on the current status of biodiversity in the area and the characteristics of forest landscape pattern,combined with the current management status of protected areas,the following five recommendations are proposed:(1)Optimization of forest landscape pattern;(2)Dynamic monitoring of biological resources and emphasis on scientific research;(3)In-place protection,supplemented by ex situ conservation,(4)Pay attention to carrying out propaganda education and personnel training;(5)carry out eco-tourism and diversification. |
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