The Compound System Of Sapindus Saponin And Its Application In Material Preparation

At present,the synthetic surfactants in washing products not only directly were harm to human body and caused great pressure for the ecological environment.Sapindus saponin is a natural nonionic surfactant,it has strong ability of decontamination.Study found that binary surfactant is better than single surfactant in tenns of performance,and Sapindus saponins have good compatibility with other surfactants,therefore it has the vital significance compound with other surfactants.The Sapindus saponins and its mixture were applied to the synthesis and regulation of inorganic materials have a broad prospect.This paper used four methods to extract Sapindus saponins,including soxhlet extraction,reflux extraction,soaking at room temperature and microwave extraction,and the optimum extraction conditions were determined used single factor experiment method.The anhydrous ethanol extraction yield was 67%with soxhlet extraction.In refluxing extraction to extract Sapindus saponins,the best solutions were as follows:powder extraction,the reaction time of 1 h,solid-liquid ratio was 1:20 and 50%ethanol aqueous solution,the extraction yield reached 81%.The yield of room temperature soak was 40%;the extraction yields up to 65%in microwave heating reflux extraction;the influence of extraction rate as high as 76%in sealed microwave heating extraction.Extracted Sapindus saponin was characterized by FT-IR and surface tension,the surface tension was 47.97 mN/m when the CMC was 0.50 g/L.The foam performance was 30 ml of saponins in 10 times of CMC concentration,even though the foam ability and the ability of reducing the surface tension were not good,the emulsifying property was excellect.We made saponins into soap and detergent,its foam performance and emulsion performance improved which improved by 33.3 mm and 40 min to 36.5 mm and 43 min respectively,and the surface properties of saponin liquid detergent was a bit poor compared with Blue Moon hand sanitizer.Due to the surface tension and foam performance of soapnut saponin were general,to limit its application in the daily necessities to a certain extent.This study improved the performance by mixed with other surfactants,and mixed with the dodecyl sulfonate(SDBS)anionic surfactant,cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB)cationic surfactant and homemade phosphorus esters surfactants(DDPDS)to test the performance of the combined systems.Study showed that the CMC and ?CMC of saponins and SDBS were 0.5 g/L,47.97 mN/m and 0.68 g/L,27.94 mN/m.When the mass fraction of SDBS in the distribution system was 5%,the CMC and ?CMC reduced and presented a certain synergy,but when the mass fraction of SDBS exceeded 20%,the CMC and ?CMC increased,the inefficiency of the distribution was not good.The CMC of CTAB was 0.14 g/L and aqueous solution surface tension decreased to 28.62 mN/m.The CMC of complex system first decreased and after increased with the increasing of the ratio of CTAB,and the surface tension reduced,the surface properties were better than the Sapindus saponin.When the mass ratio of saponins/CTAB was 80:20,the effect of combined systems was the most and it was better than that of the saponin.When the mass ratio of saponins/DDPDS was 50:50,the CMC was 0.04 g/L and the system results showed that saponinsand DDPDS had synergistic effect.Finally,we prepared the function of inorganic material(nickel hydroxide and hydroxyapatite).The coral and ball-flower Ni(OH)2/NiOOH hollow microspheres,and nano-strip material were synthesized successfully via the solvothermal method,using nickel sulfate as precursor,urea as precipitant,and the sapindus saponin and its mixed system surfactant as soft template.The four-hydrated calcium nitrate solution and the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution were prepared and sodium hydroxide was pH regulatorthe,different morphology hydroxyapatite materials were synthesized.The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The result revealed that the special morphology of Ni(OH)2/NiOOH micro-nanomaterials could be well controlled by sapindus extract saponin and its mixed system.The addition of saponins could control the morphology of hydroxyapatite material in different temperature and different pH conditions.