| Actinidia arguta is a famous economic wild fruit in Liaoning province,its nutrition value is extremely high and has good health care functions.Studies have shown that the polysaccharide from A.arguta has the functions of antioxidant,lowering blood lipid,lowering blood pressure,scavenging free radicals,protecting liver,and improving immunity,therefore it has very important research value and extremely broad application prospect.In this study,four fresh A.arguta(Liaofeng 1,Danfeng 1,LD133 and Longcheng2)were selected as raw materials,and the extraction process of polysaccharide was optimized by hot water extraction,and the optimized polysaccharide product was tested for its yield,protein content,total sugar content,galacturonic acid content,total phenol content,esterification degree,monosaccharide composition and Fourier infrared spectroscopy.Then the antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from four kinds of A.arguta were studied,including DPPH scavenging rate,hydroxyl radical scavenging rate,superoxide radical scavenging rate,and the protective effect of polysaccharide from four kinds of A.arguta on DNA oxidative damage of plasmid.Finally,the effects of polysaccharide from Longcheng on lipid metabolism in mice fed with high fat were studied,it includes the determination of body index,serum,liver and stool biochemical indexes.The results are as follows,1.Extraction and characterization of polysaccharide from A.arguta,there was no significant difference in polysaccharide yield among the four kinds of A.arguta,the polysaccharide yield of Longcheng 2 was the lowest,it was 0.72%.The total sugar content Longcheng 2 polysaccharideof was the highest.The main monosaccharides of the polysaccharides of Longcheng 2 are galactose(34.5%),galacturonic acid(28.4%),arabinose(19.6%),FT-IR has no significant difference with the other three A.arguta polysaccharides.2.Antioxidant activity of polysaccharide from A.arguta,the antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from four kinds of A.arguta have little difference.Among them,four kinds of A.arguta polysaccharides have strong scavenging effect on DPPH.When the sample concentration of Longcheng 2 was 5 mg/ mL,the scavenging rate was as high as 70.14%.The polysaccharides of four kinds of A.arguta also had a certain scavenging effect on hydroxyl radicals.When the sampleconcentration of Longcheng 2 was 5 mg/ mL,the scavenging rate was 43.11%.The scavenging rate of polysaccharides from four kinds of A.arguta was weak.When the concentration of Longcheng 2 was 5 mg/ mL,the scavenging rate was 25.6%.The polysaccharide of four kinds of A.arguta can protect pBR322 plasmid DNA from oxidative damage.3.Effects of polysaccharide from Longcheng 2 on lipid metabolism in mice fed with high fat diet,compared with the high-fat control group,the polysaccharide of A.arguta can reduce the content of cholesterol and triglyceride in the serum of mice,and the triglyceride has reached the statistically significant level.At the same time,the polysaccharide of A.arguta can reduce the total lipids,cholesterol and triglycerides in the liver of the mice with high fat,among which the total lipids and triglycerides reach the significant level.According to the index in feces,polysaccharide of A.arguta can raise the level of total fat,cholesterol and triglyceride in the feces of high-fat mice.In summary,we took four kinds of A.arguta as the research objects,extracted and purified polysaccharides,and improved the quality of polysaccharides;The polysaccharide components obtained were analyzed,which provided a reference for its application in food.In the experiment of high-fat diet mice,the polysaccharide of Longcheng 2 has the effect of reducing the level of serum and liver cholesterol.The results of this study provide a strong scientific theoretical system for the development and utilization of the fine variety kiwifruit in the field of functional food or food ingredients,and also lay a foundation for the further development of its functional components and the utilization of food and drugs in the future. |
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