Studies On The Preparations And Properties Of Novel High Performance Lubricants

Recently,with the advancement of economic development,people have put forward stricter requirements on the quality of use of lubricating oil,so synthetic lubricating oil with excellent performance has received extensive attention.In this paper,we synthesized a maleic anhydride/?-olefin copolymer.By modifying the groups contained in the copolymer,we obtained a new synthetic lubricating oil with excellent hydrolysis resistance and low temperature fluidity.The specific research work divides into the following two parts:Firstly,a maleic anhydride/?-C₁₄ olefin copolymer having a cyclic acid anhydride structure is synthesized by free radical polymerization;a novel amide-based synthetic lubricating oil having a branched amide group-containing group is prepared by amidation reaction of maleic anhydride with a fatty amine.We investigated the effects of reaction conditions such as molar ratio of raw materials,reaction temperature,reaction time and chain length of aliphatic amine on the new type of amide lubricating oil.The optimum reaction conditions for the preparation of new synthetic amide lubricating oils were the molar ratio of maleic anhydride ester and fatty amine is 1:0.7,the reaction temperature is 122?,the reaction time is 10 h,and the optimal chain length fatty amine is n-decylamine.Because of the amide bond is more stable,stronger polar,and less susceptible to environmental acidity than the eater bond.Introducing the amide group makes the hydrolysis resistance of the novel amide lubricating oil significantly better than that of the ester lubricating oil.The viscosity index of amide lubricating oil is up to 134,which has good viscosity-temperature performance.The thermal decomposition temperature is 185?,which has good thermal stability.The crystallization temperature?Tc? is as low as-33?,and it has good low-temperature fluidity;And the novel amide synthetic lubricating oil accords with the rheological properties of the Newtonian fluid of the lubricating oil and can form an oil film to protect the mechanical device.Secondly,a maleic anhydride/?-C₁₄ olefin copolymer with cyclic anhydride structure is prepared with free radical polymerization,using ring-opening esterification of maleic anhydride with n-butyl glycidyl ether to get a novel ester synthesis of branched ester-containing ester groups lubricating oil.We investigated the influence of reaction conditions such as the molar ratio of raw materials,the dosage of catalyst,the temperature of reaction and the reaction time on the synthesis of new ester synthetic lubricating oils.The optimum reaction conditions for the preparation of new ester lubricating oils were as follows:the molar ratio of raw materials was 1:1,the dosage of catalyst was 4%,the reaction temperature was 90?,and the reaction time was 14 h.Comparing to other ester synthetic lubricating oils,the synthesis process of the novel ester synthetic lubricating oil was more easily,and has a broader industrial prospect.The introduction of a long-chain epoxy compound can enhance the spall structure of the polymerand the new ester synthetic lubricating oil has good fluidity with the viscosity index is up to 128;at the same time,the new ester synthetic lubricating oil has a crystallization temperature?Tc? as low as -22?,with a good low temperature fluidity.Thus rheological properties forming an oil film to protect the mechanical device.