Studies On The Utilization Of Rape Straw And Lotus Seed Shell By Edible Fungus Cultivation

The rational recycling of crop straw is the key point of agricultural development and rural environmental protection in China.Using edible fungi to degrade crop straw is an important way to solve this problem.Rape straw and lotus seed shell are the main crop wastes in Jiangxi province.By using them as the main materials for edible fungi cultivation,we can: 1)solving the environmental problems,2)reducing the cost of cultivation and increasing the economic benefits.In this study,the rape straw and lotus seed shell were used as the main substrate to cultivate different edible mushrooms.By evaluating the mycelium growth,fruiting body yield,agronomic characters,polysaccharide and protein contents of each kind of mushrooms,we got the results as following:1.The optimum formula with rape straw as the main material is: rape straw 55.5%,straw 37%,bran 5%,urea 0.5%,gypsum 1% and sucrose 1%.This formula can significantly promote the mycelial growth of Pleurotus ostreatus.The mycelial growth rate was 45.6% and the yield of fruiting body was 39.9% higher than that of the rice straw formation.2.The optimum cultivation formula with rape straw as the main materials is: rape straw 75%,wheat bran 16%,5% corn flour,lime 2% and gypsum 2%.This formula can significantly promote the mycelial growth of Pleurotus geesterani.The mycelial growth rate was 13.3% and the biological efficiency was 96.2% higher than that of the control formula.The optimum cultivation formula with lotus seed shell as the main materials was: lotus seed shell 75%,wheat bran 16%,corn flour 5%,lime 2% and gypsum 2%.This formula can significantly promote the mycelial growth of Pleurotus geesterani.The mycelial growth rate was 33.3% and the biological efficiency was 30.8% higher than that of the control group.3.The optimum formula with rape straw as the main materials for Pleurotus giganteus cultivation is: rape strawr 78%(soaked in 2% lime),bran 20%,sugar 1%,gypsum 1%.The biological efficiency was 35.0% higher than that of the control group of sawdust and cottonseed shell.4.The optimum formula with rape straw as the main materials for Oudemansiella raphanipes cultivation is: rape straw 39%,cottonseed shell 39%,wheat bran 20%,gypsum 2%.The biological efficiency with this optimum formula was 35.4% higher than that of the control formula(with sawdust and cottonseed as main substrates).The optimum formula with lotus seed shell as the main materials for Oudemansiella raphanipes cultivation is: lotus seed shell 39%,sawdust 39%,wheat bran 20%,gypsum 2%.The biological efficiency was 95.3% higher than that of the control formula of sawdust,cottonseed shell formula.5.The rape straw as the main materials for Agrocybe cylindracea cultivation achieved the higher biological efficiency than lotus seed shell.Strain L(JAUCC 1736)was the best one for the utilization rate of rape straw substrate.The weight of fresh fruiting body with this formula were was 98.14 g/bag,dry weight was 11.78 g/bag and biological efficiency was 42.67%.The optimum cultivation formula usingrape straw as the main materials is: rape straw 30%,rice husk 30%,sawdust 16,wheat bran 20%,sucrose 1%,gypsum 1%,lime 2%.The study proves that as high quality edible fungi cultivation substrates,rape straw and lotus seed shell significantly improved the yield and biological efficiency of Pleurotus ostreatus,Pleurotus geesterani,Pleurotus giganteus,Oudemansiella raphanipes and Agrocybe cylindracea.The results of this study will help to protect the rural environment,increase farmers' income,and reduce the cost of edible fungi,which is of great significance to promote the development of edible fungi industry.