Study On Extraction And Characteristics Of Cinnamomum Camphora Essential Oil

Cinnamomum camphora is a very important species of industrial raw material in China,it can be used to extract Cinnamomum camphora essential oil.The Cinnamomum camphora essential oil shows good development value because that it not only has a pleasant aroma but also exhibits rich biological activity.However,there are still some unresolved scientific problems in the development and utilization of Cinnamomum camphora essential oils.Such as: what is the the seasonal change law of the oil content in Cinnamomum camphora leaves and the release law of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil during steam distillation;and the composition,extraction process and antifungal activity of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil is still not clear.Therefore,in this study,the extraction and characteristics of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil were carried out,in order to master the change law for season variation that affects the oil content in Cinnamomum camphora leaves and the release law of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil during steam distillation,analyze the composition of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil,develope a extraction process of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil,and investigate the antifungal activity of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil.This study may provide certain theoretical guidance for the development and utilization of Cinnamomum camphora essential oils.The main findings are as follows:1)There were differences in the oil yield of Cinnamomum camphora essential oils in different months.From January to December,the oil yield of Cinnamomum camphora increased first and then decreased.The highest oil yield was 1.54% in September.The relative content of linalool,which is the main component of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil,was the highest in March,which was 95.6%,respectively.After March,the relative content of linalool decreased slowly with the increase of months.The release law of the Cinnamomum camphora essential oil in the steam distillation process was: the amount of essential oil release increased firstly and then decreased.The maximum amount of essential oil was released in 10~15 min,after 15 min the release amount of essential oil decreased rapidly.The Cinnamomum camphora essential oil was mainly released in the first 30 min,which accounting for 95% of the total oil output.The results of paraffin slicing analysis of the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora were showed that the oil cells of the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora were mainly distributed in the cortex and the middle column of the main veins.The essential oils were released from the oil cells of every tissue simultaneously,and there is no specific release sequence.2)Thirteen main compounds were identified in the essential oil of Cinnamomu m camphora,including linalool,beta-ocimene,2-(5-methyl-5-vinyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)propan-2-yl carbonate,2H-pyran-3-ol,6-ethenyltetrahydro-2,2,6-trimethyl-,3,7-octadiene-2,6-diol,2,6-dimethyl-,caryophyllene,naphthalene,1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1,8a-dimet hyl-7-(1-methylethenyl)-,[1R-(1.alpha.,7.beta.,8a.alpha.)]-,humulene,1,6-cyclodecadiene,1-methyl-5-methylene-8-(1-methylethyl)-,[S-(E,E)]-,gamma-elemene,1,6,10-dodecatrien-3-ol,3,7,11-trimethyl-,(E)-,(-)-spathulenol,caryophyllene oxide.3)The oil yield of extracted from leaves of Cinnamomum camphora was higher than that from shoots.Above-water distillation was better than in-water distillation.The best distillation power was 600 W,the optimal distillation time was 40 min,and the best post-harvest storage time was less than 48 h.The extraction yield of essential oil under these conditions was 1.42%.4)Cinnamomum camphora essential oil exhibits good antifungal acitivity against Rhizoctonia solani.When the concentration was 500,250 and 125 mg/L,respectively,the inhibition rates of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil against Rhizoctonia solani were 100%,90.88% and 67.94%,respectively.The antifungal acitivity was due to the normal growth and development of the Rhizoctonia solani were disrupt by the Cinnamomum camphora essential oil,which may cause the atrophy and branching of hyphae and the destruction of the outer wall of Rhizoctonia solani mycelial cells.In summary,this study carried out the extraction and characteristics of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil based on the remaining scientific problems in the development and utilization of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil.The seasonal change law of the oil content in Cinnamomum camphora leaves and the release law of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil during steam distillation were studied,the composition of the Cinnamomum camphora essential oils was analyzed,the optimal extraction process of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil was developed,and the antifungal activity of the Cinnamomum camphora essential oil was investigated.This study can provide theoretical reference for the scientific planting and harvesting of Cinnamomum camphora,and the optimization of industrial production process of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil.Meanwhile,this study is helpful for the development and utilization of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil.