Study On The Process Of Preparing Sanitary Ceraniics From Yellow River Silt

The Yellow River silt can be used in a large amount to prepare sanitary ceramics.It can not only turn the Yellow River silt into a treasure,but also alleviate the shrinking of ceramic mineral raw materials,and also provide more choices for the sanitary ceramics industry.The formula of this experiment includes Yellow River silt,western mine clay and tremolite,which is different from the traditional formula of feldspar sanitary ceramics.In this paper,the influences of the addition of yellow river silt,the addition of tremolite and the calcination of tremolite on the body are investigated.The zirconium opaque glaze and zinc crystal glaze suitable for the body were preliminarily studied.The formulation and slurry of the ceramic body were studied.The chemical composition and phase analysis of the raw materials were carried out.The effects of formulation and temperature on the properties of the body were first explored through orthogonal experiments.The preparation process was then determined,with an emphasis on improving the performance of the slurry.Finally,the effects of increasing the amount of Yellow River silt and tremolite and the effect of calcined tremolite on the green body were investigated.The results show that the Yellow River silt can be used to prepare sanitary ceramics.The Yellow River silt content of 30 ~ 55 wt.%,sintering temperature range is: 1160 ? ~ 1180 ?.Adding 0.3 wt.% sodium tripolyphosphate to slurry can improve the properties of sauce.The addition of tremolite in an appropriate amount can greatly reduce the firing temperature of the green body and increase the flexural strength of the green body.Moreover,the calcined tremolite can eliminate the large shrinkage of the green body due to the large loss of burning,and the shrinkage of the green body is reduced from 11.47 wt.% to 5.1 wt.%.The best formula of the green body is 49.1 wt.% of the Yellow River silt,42.8 wt.% of the western ore clay,8.1 wt.% of the calcined tremolite,and the firing temperature is 1160 ?.At this time,the properties of the green body are: the flexural strength is 89.4(MPa)and the sintering shrinkage is 5.1(%).Based on the determination of the formula and process of the body,the formula and process of the opacified glaze used for the body were studied.First of all,a wide range of different formula systems and processes were explored.Then the influence of si-al ratio on the appearance of the opacified glaze was investigated and its phase composition and microstructure were analyzed.Finally,the adaptability of the body and glaze was tested.A preliminary opacified glaze of sanitary ceramics prepared by adding a large amount of Yellow River silt was obtained.The optimum formulation of opaque glaze is 21.5 wt.% of tremolite,14.9 wt.% of quartz,2.9 wt.% of kaolin,32.3 wt.% of feldspar,6.8 wt.% of calcined zinc oxide,21.6 wt.% of zirconium silicate,and 1180 ? of firing temperature.It can cover the dark brown color of the blank very well.The performance is: whiteness 64,gloss 106,300 ?~ 20 ?quenching 5 times without cracking,thermal stability is very good.A sanitary porcelain crystal glaze suitable for the body was explored.On the basis of exploring the formula,quadratic orthogonal design was carried out to optimize the formula.The influence of each raw material on crystallization was also studied.The possibility of crystal glaze suitable for high Yellow River silt sanitary ceramic body was founded.The optimum formula is kaolinite content 9 %,calcined zinc oxide content 27 %,quartz content 22 %,tremolite content 3 %,borosilicate powder content 40 %,maximum temperature 1180 ?,holding temperature 1080 ?,successfully obtained the billet Applicable crystal glaze.