Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Atmospheric Fungal Community Structure In Xi'an

As an important part of atmospheric particulates,biological particles play a significant role in atmospheric process,human and animal health,climate change and even earth system.In order to explore the characteristics of atmospheric bioaerosol and their influencing factors,high-volume samplers were employed to collect PM_2.5.5 and PM₁₀ samples in Xi'an during different seasons.Then,high-throughput sequencing method was used to detect the fungal community structure and the characteristics were summarized.Moreover,multiple statistical methods were conducted to analyze the influence of environmental factors on fungal community.The relative influence of meteorological factors and air pollutants on atmospheric fungal community were also compared.The main conclusions are as follows:?1?The richness and diversity indices of PM₁₀ were significantly higher than PM_2.5in the same sapling site during the same season.Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the most abundant fungal phylum in all of the air samples,which accounted for over80%of the total fungal composition at phyla level.The fungal compositions at genus level were significantly different in different sampling site and seasons.?2?.The relative abundances of potential pathogenic fungi in PM₁₀ were significantly higher than PM_2.5 in the same sapling site.The relative abundances of potential pathogenic fungi in Yanta sampling site were significantly higher than those in Qinling-Taiyi sampling site except summer PM_2.5.5 and winter PM₁₀0 samples.?3?The concentration of particulate matters was the most important factor for shaping the fungal richness,diversity and potential pathogenic fungal abundance in PM_2.5 samples,while the wind speed was the most essential factor shaping them in PM₁₀.?4?According to the result of RDA,all the environmental factors in this study could explain 81%and 64%of the fungal variation for Yanta and Qinling-Taiyi sampling site,respectively.In addition,VPA results showed that the meteorological factors had more impact on airborne fungi more than air pollutants.?5?Based on the results of HYSPLIT,the air mass arriving at Xi'an came from different directions in different seasons,which led to different impact on airborne fungal community structure.