Synthesis And Application Study Of Functional Monodispersed Polystyrene Particles

With the development of environmental and new energy requirements,the R&D on environmental friendly and sustainable materials has become the current research focus.Polymer microspheres have the characteristics of large specific surface area and strong surface reactivity at the micro scale.Due to the different properties of different substrates,polymer microspheres have attracted extensive attention in the field of preparation and research.The polymer microspheres with single properties can not meet the continuous expansion of the application field,so the preparation of anisotropic morphology or/and anisotropic surface chemistry functional polymer microspheres has become a new research direction recently.Therefore,the preparation has become a research focus.PSt microspheres have become the research object of polymer microspheres due to their early research,mature preparation methods and excellent properties.Titanium dioxide?TiO₂?and titanium nitride?TiN?are not only stable,but also of great research value in the field of photoelectricity due to their special physical and chemical properties.In this paper,polystyrene microspheres were functionalized to obtain composite materials with special morphologies of TiO₂,TiN/PSt,so a series of high specific surface area micro/nano composites were constructed to expand their applications in photocatalysis and energy storage.The research emphasis is as listed below:1)Monodisperse PSt microspheres were synthesized by dispersion polymerization,the size was about 1?m.By changing experimental conditions,the factors that may affect the monodispersity and particle size of microspheres were studied.In order to realize the functionalization of PSt microspheres,the Sulfonated-PSt particles were synthesized by an inward sulfonation of PSt particles with concentrated sulfuric acid.PSt/TiO₂ core/shell structure composite particles were prepared by the sol-gel process of TBT on the surface of Sulfonated-PSt.Then calcined at 600?,hollow TiO₂ particles were obtained.BET test showed that the specific surface area of the calcined samples was much larger than that of solid nanoparticles,the results of UV and UVDRS proved its feasibility as a photocatalytic material.2)To prepare functional PSt microspheres with special morphologies,the obtained PSt/TiO₂ core/shell structure composite particles were used as raw materials.A new method of one-step dissolution was proposed—tetrahydrofuran and ethanol were used as mixed solvent to selectively dissolve part of the PSt core.After drying,navel-like hollow Janus particles were obtained through testing and verifying.The solubility parameters can be changed by controlling the volume ratio of solvent to further affect the morphology of the composite particles.The navel-like hollow Janus particles showed excellent ultraviolet performance.The band gap was obtained by UVDRS,which was further proved their highly possibility of applying in the field of photocatalytic applications.This method not only optimizes the existing synthesis method,but also can be extended to other polymers,which is expected to obtain other navel-like hollow morphology Janus particles.3)Furthermore,the obtained PSt/TiO₂ core/shell structure composite particles were used as raw materials.Then calcined at 900?under the condition of ammonia,and TiN/C hollow particles were obtained.The TiN/C hollow particles were applied to the anode catalyst of Li-O₂ battery.and the feasibility of improving the performance of Li-O₂ battery was explored through charge and discharge cycle test and rate performance test.