Preparation And Properties Of Electrospun Polylactic Acid Based Nanofiber Oil-absorbing Materials

In this paper,polylactic acid?PLA?and polybutylene succinate?PBS?were used as raw materials to prepare nanofiber membranes by electrospinning.The nanofiber membrane was characterized by scanning electron microscopy?SEM?,desktop electronic fabric strength machine and contact angle meter.The nanofiber membrane was used to adsorb different oil products,and the oil absorption ratio of nanofiber membrane to different oil products was tested.Oil retention rate and reusability.The details are as follows:?1?PLA nanofiber membrane was prepared by electrospinning using biodegradable polymer polylactic acid?PLA?as raw material,dichloromethane?DCM?and dimethyl sulfoxide?DMSO?as mixed solvents.The effects of different spinning voltage,receiving distance and volume ratio of DCM/DMSO in binary mixed solvent system on the morphology,diameter,porosity,mechanical properties,wetting properties and oil absorption properties of nanofiber membranes were investigated.The experimental results show that with the increase of spinning voltage,receiving distance and MDSO content,the fiber diameter decreases first and then increases;the porosity decreases with the increase of fiber diameter.The maximum breaking strength of the PLA nanofiber membrane was 108.983 cN,and the elongation at break was 4.647 mm.Compared with the 103°film contact angle of PLA casting,the contact angle of the PLA nanofiber membrane increases,and the maximum value reaches 139.8°,showing a good hydrophobicity.The oil absorption experiment shows that the maximum oil absorption ratio of PLA nanofiber membrane to engine oil,peanut oil and silicone oil can reach 102.33,74.11 and 65.08 g/g,which is 6¹0 times of the commercially available ordinary polypropylene fiber,showing better oil absorption performance;The oil retention rate of the oil reaches 67.74%;after 5cycles of repeated use,the oil absorption rate of the oil remains at about 60%of the initial oil absorption rate;and after the oil absorption is completed,it can still float on the water surface,and has good buoyancy..?2?Preparation of PLA by electrospinning using polylactic acid?PLA?and polybutylene succinate?PBS?as raw materials,using dichloromethane?DCM?and dimethyl sulfoxide?DMSO?as solvents./PBS composite nanofiber membrane.The effect of PLA/PBS mass ratio on fiber diameter and morphology,porosity,mechanical properties,wetting properties and oil absorption properties was investigated.The experimental results show that with the increase of PBS content,the fiber diameter increases and the porosity decreases.The fracture strength of composite fiber membrane decreases and the elongation at break increases.As the proportion of PBS continues to increase,the contact angle of the PLA/PBS composite nanofiber membrane gradually decreases,but still reaches the hydrophobic level.The maximum oil absorption ratios of the composite nanofiber membranes for engine oil,peanut oil and silicone oil were 99.75,69.91 and 59.33 g/g,respectively,which were slightly lower than that of the PLA nanofiber membrane.The oil retention rate gradually increases with the proportion of PBS,and the oil absorption rate gradually decreases.?3?In order to further improve the mechanical properties and oil absorption performance of PLA/PBS composite nanofiber membrane,SiO₂-PLA/PBS modified composite nanofiber membrane was prepared by adding hydrophobic SiO₂nanoparticles to the spinning solution.The effects of SiO₂ content on the diameter,morphology,porosity,mechanical properties,wetting properties and oil absorption properties of nanofibers were investigated.The experimental results show that with the increase of SiO₂ content,the fiber diameter becomes larger and the porosity decreases.The fracture strength of the fiber membrane increases first and then decreases,and the elongation at break decreases.The increase of SiO₂ content makes the contact angle of SiO₂-PLA/PBS modified composite nanofiber membrane increase gradually,the maximum is 142.9°,and the maximum oil absorption ratios of engine oil,peanut oil and silicone oil are 119.80,79.43 and 67.87 g/g,respectively.And after5 cycles of use,there is still a good adsorption effect.