Applied Research Of Nanoparticles In The Analysis Of Antibacterial Drugs

Nanomaterials have been introduced into the construction of optical probes due to their excellent photoelectric and chemical properties,improving the selectivity and sensitivity of optical sensing methods.At present,nanomaterials have been widely used in the fields of pharmaceutical analysis,biochemical research,environmental monitoring and food analysis.Antibacterial drugs are mainly used in the treatment of bacterial infectious diseases,but also have the function of immunity.In this paper,antibacterial drugs were used as the object of study,the interaction between antibacterial drugs and nanomaterials of different properties was investigated,new methods which nanomaterials as optical probes for the determination of antibacterial drugs were established.This paper is mainly composed of the following four parts:In chapter 1,the definition,properties,classification,preparation and application of nanomaterials in analytical chemistry as optical probes were introduced.The kinds,applications and side effects of antibacterial drugs were reviewed,the analytical methods of neomycin sulfate?NS?and berberine hydrochloride?BRH?were mainly introduced.In chapter 2,KHP-AgNPs were prepared with potassium hydrogen phthalate?KHP?as stabilizer and sodium borohydride?NaBH₄?as reducing agent.KHP-AgNPs were characterized by TEM,SEM and particle size analyzer.In the presence of NS,the dispersed KHP-AgNPs got aggregated and the absorption spectrum of surface plasmon resonance?SPR?shifted from 395 nm to 600 nm,the color of the solution changed from yellow to purple.Hence,a rapid and simple colorimetric method for the determination of NS was established.The linear range of this method was 1.0-20.0?g/L with a detection limit of 0.35?g/L.This method was applied to the determination of NS in pharmaceutical products and human urine,and the recovery was 90.4%-102%.In chapter 3,KI-AgNPs were synthesized by chemical reduction with potassium iodide?KI?as stabilizer.The spectral properties of the interaction between KI-AgNPs and BRH were studied in detail.It was found that BRH with positive charge were adsorbed on the surface of KI-AgNPs by coulomb force,which caused the aggregation of KI-AgNPs,the SPR absorption spectrum of KI-AgNPs were shifted from 396 nm to 700 nm,and the color of the solution was gradually changed from yellow to blue.A colorimetric method for detection of BRH using KI-AgNPs as probe was developed.The linear range was 20.0-400?g/L with a detection limit of 8.83?g/L.This method was used for the detection of BRH in pharmaceutical products and urine,and the recovery was 95.2%-104%.In chapter 4,the interaction between silica nanoparticles?SiO₂NPs?and BRH was studied by fluorescence spectrophotometry.It was found that BRH with positive charge were adsorbed on the surface of SiO₂NPs with negative charge through electrostatic interaction,which changed the microenvironment of BRH and lead a significant enhancement of fluorescence intensity of BRH.Hence,a spectrofluorimetric method which was green,rapid and sensitive was developed for the detection of BRH.The linear range of the method was 2.0-50.0?g/L with a detection limit of 0.73?g/L.The method was applied to the determination of BRH in real samples,and the recovery was 97.1%-102%.