Analysis Of The Impact Of Overload On Passenger Vehicle Driving Safety

The impact of vehicle overloading on road traffic safety is becoming increasingly prominent.Traffic accidents caused by overloading occur frequently.The impact of overload on traffic safety is mainly manifested in the following two aspects: first,overload will reduce the braking efficiency of vehicles,that is,to lengthen the braking distance of vehicles in emergency braking;second,overload will affect the stability of braking,and easily lead to braking failure in frequent braking process.Therefore,the research on the impact of overload on vehicle braking efficiency can not only clarify the mechanism of the impact of overload on braking efficiency,but also have certain theoretical significance,and the conclusions can effectively guide traffic safety practice,which has important practical significance.Firstly,the relationship between overload rate and braking deceleration of passenger cars under different braking conditions is analyzed by using the theory of dynamics and vehicle braking,and the overload braking models of passenger cars under semi-braking,full braking and wheel lock-in conditions are established respectively.Then,240 times of overload braking are carried out under two different pavement conditions of cement and asphalt in Chang’an University Automobile Test Site.The braking tests of passenger cars with different load states and different speeds are carried out to verify the rationality of the overload braking model of passenger cars.Then,the data of overload braking experiment of passenger cars are analyzed by SPSS19.0 software,and the correlation between overload and braking efficiency of passenger cars is clarified.Finally,on the basis of overload braking model,the semi-braking state and full braking state of passenger cars are analyzed by using MATLAB software.The braking effectiveness of wheels under different lock-in conditions is simulated and analyzed.The results show that:(1)Owing to the limited space of passenger car,overload has no significant impact on the driving safety of passenger car in general;(2)Under semi-braking condition,when the load mass of passenger car is less than the optimal load mass corresponding to the braking proportional coefficient,overload has no significant impact on the driving safety of passenger car;when the load mass of passenger car is greater than or equal to that of passenger car.When the optimum load quality corresponding to the braking proportional coefficient is the same,overload will reduce the braking efficiency of passenger car;(3)Under the condition of full braking and different wheel lock,when the load quality of passenger car is less than the optimum load quality,overload has no significant impact on the driving safety of passenger car,and when the load quality of passenger car is greater than or equal to the optimum load quality,overload will affect passenger car safety.In conclusion,when the load quality of passenger car is less than the optimal load quality,overload has no significant impact on the driving safety of passenger car.When the load quality of passenger car is greater than or equal to the optimal load quality,the braking efficiency decreases with the increase of overload rate.Systematic analysis of the impact of overload on the driving safety of passenger cars provides a theoretical basis for the impact of overload on the driving safety of passenger cars;at the same time,the results of the study can be used to predict the braking deceleration of passenger cars under different overload conditions,which plays a certain auxiliary role in the identification of overload accidents of passenger cars.