Research On Clustering Routing Protocol Of Wireless Sensor Network In Mine Environmental Monitoring

Coal mine accidents occur frequently in China,and mine safety faces severe challenges.The terrain structure under the mine is intricate and consists of belt lanes.In order to ensure the safe production of coal mines,the application of wireless sensor network technology to mine environmental monitoring has become a hot topic in current research.Wireless sensor networks have the characteristics of limited energy and sensors cannot be recharged.Therefore,designing energy efficient routing protocols based on the characteristics of belt lanes is essential for extending the life of monitoring systems.This paper starts from the energy consumption of the balanced sensor nodes,and the main work is as follows:(1)Aiming at the architecture of mine environment monitoring system and the long strip network structure of underground WSN,this paper proposes a non-uniform clustering algorithm UCAK-means.The algorithm constructs a non-uniform cluster structure and numbers the nodes by improving the initial centroid selection in the K-means algorithm.During the operation of the network,the replacement of the cluster head is based on the remaining energy and geographic location,avoiding the selection of low energy nodes as cluster heads.Experimental simulation results show that the UCAK-means algorithm can shorten the clustering time and better perform non-uniform clustering.(2)During the data transmission process between the cluster head and the base station,the cluster head far away from the base station cannot directly communicate with the base station,and must be forwarded through the intermediate node,which causes some cluster heads to participate in data forwarding and consume excessive energy.In this paper,an energy-balanced routing algorithm RAACO is proposed for this problem.The algorithm takes into account the residual energy of the forwarding node and the distance between the nodes in the routing process.By improving the calculation method of heuristic information and transition probability in the ant colony algorithm,the routing is established according to the search table of the node.Experimental simulation results show that the RAACO routing algorithm has certain advantages in balancing node energy consumption.(3)Based on clustering algorithm UCAK-means and routing algorithm RAACO,a clustering routing protocol UCRP_KA adapted to mine environment monitoring WSN is proposed.The characteristics of the clustering routing protocol and the flow of network operation are analyzed.Based on the two aspects of energy and life cycle,UCRP_KA and other clustering routing protocols are compared and analyzed in four aspects: the number of dead nodes,the number of nodes surviving,the average residual energy of nodes and the total energy consumption of nodes in the network.It proves that the protocol can effectively improve the energy utilization of nodes in the mine environment,thereby extending the life cycle of the network.