Research And Development Of Mechanical Structure Of High Speed Five-axis Open Experimental Machining Device

With the rapid development of global equipment manufacturing industry,the market demands more and more high-precision and high-efficiency advanced machine tools,and the high speed five-axis CNC machine tool is one of the typical representatives of advanced machine tool.A series of key technical problems need to be solved in structural design and feed drive of high speed five-axis CNC machine tools.At present,the machine tool is mainly driven by the rotating machine-ball screw,which has the middle link,such as coupling and transmission.It is difficult to achieve high speed,high acceleration motion.At present stage,the high speed ultra precision machine tools are mostly made up of X,Y axis linear motor and Z axis rotating servo motor,and the Z axis is almost not driven by linear motor.Linear motor drive has the advantages of quick response,large axis acceleration and high precision.Z axis using a linear motor can improve the motion speed of Z direction.It is very important for high speed cutting.At the same time,the economic benefit of improving production efficiency is also considerable.In this paper,the technology of high speed five-axis open experimental machining device is solved,the overall design scheme of machine tool structure is put forward,and the overall motion scheme driven by multi-linear motor is put forward for high speed motion driving device.It broke the single processing mode,adopted the open hardware and software system,realized the multi-function of the processing and measurement,and solved the structural instability caused by high-speed vibration and the compatibility of hardware and software systems.Through the research and development of the mechanical structure of the machining device,some ideas for the manufacture of high precision machine tools are put forward.Comparing the parameters of similar international equipment and considering the market demand,considering the overall rigidity,performance,manufacturing cost and other factors of the processing device,the overall layout scheme of gantry structure based on marble is proposed.Multi-linear motor drive is realized by rolling linear guide pair,feedback grating and counterweight of nitrogen balance cylinder.Its advantage is quick dynamic response and high precision.By replacing different sensors through multi-port sensor interfaces and opening CNC system,the hardware and software are opened to achieve good compatibilityadvantages.The beam column bed is made of marble material with good compactness and stability.The purpose is to avoid resonance effectively,stabilize the overall structure of the machine tool and enhance rigidity.Through the theoretical analysis of the feed system of the machining device,the model and quantity of the primary components of the three-way linear motor are calculated and checked.The spindle form is analyzed and the main parameters of the main drive system are determined,so that the main transmission power is determined,and the electric spindle is calculated and selected.The principle of each part of the machining device is analyzed and UG software is used to complete the model design of the main structure,feed system,motorized spindle,CNC turntable and appearance modeling.Finally,the ANSYS finite element analysis of the key components such as the whole structure of the beam,sliding plate,bed,supporting column is carried out to ensure the rationality of each component and the stability of the machining device.At present,the overall structure of the experimental machining device has been preliminarily completed.Through static and dynamic finite element analysis,the structure meets all the performance requirements of the design.