| The current water quality testing technology generally tests the trace contaminants?chemicals?in the water body and compares them with the water quality standards.If each single indicator meets the water quality standard limit,the water quality is evaluated as safe.However,when multiple pollutants coexist in water,this single toxicological index quantitative test evaluation method cannot reflect the complex comprehensive toxicity and combined effects of various pollutants.Therefore,the quantitative test method for pollutants cannot replace the biological toxicity test method,and the biological toxicity test is the terminal test for the harmfulness of pollutants.The algae infrared test technology used in this research is a kind of acute toxicity microbial detection technology for pollutants.By testing the physiological stress energy changes of the tested algae on pollutants,it can test the single toxicity of samples or pollutants.Analyze the combined effects of contaminants?synergistic,additive,antagonistic,independent?.In this experiment,toxicological indicators Cu2+,Cd2+,Pb2+,Zn2+?4 heavy metals?,formaldehyde,benzene,phenol?3 kinds of organic reagents?,chlorothalonil,dimethoate,glyphosate?3 pesticides?were selected from drinking water hygiene standards.Through the algae temperature difference calculation method and the three-index evaluation method of algae response to the liquid,the response is judged,and then the algae infrared combined effect evaluation system is used to analyze the binary to five-element interaction between the drugs.The main results are as follows:?1?The concentration of the same drug in the 10 drugs(g·L-1)is:Cu?II?is 0.5:0.25;formaldehyde,benzene,dimethoate and glyphosate are 1:0.5;Cd?II?Pb?II?,Zn?II?is 2:1;phenol and chlorothalonil are 4:2.The toxicity of the selected ten drugs was Cu?II?>formaldehyde quinone,dimethoate,glyphosate>Cd?II??Pb?II??Zn?II?>phenol chlorothalonil.?2?33 sets of binary combined action algae infrared test results,the combination of performance is:formaldehyde+Pb2+,formaldehyde+Cd2+,phenol+Cu2+,phenol+Cd2+,phenol+Zn2+,benzene+Zn2+,dimethoate+Pb2+,Dimethoate+Zn2+,chlorothalonil+Cu2+,chlorothalonil+Cd2+,chlorothalonil+Pb2+,chlorothalonil+Zn2+,glyphosate+Cu2+,glyphosate+Cd2+,formaldehyde+glyphosate,phenol+Dimethoate;the combination of synergistic effects:formaldehyde+Cu2+,benzene+Cu2+,dimethoate+Cu2+,glyphosate+Zn2+,formaldehyde+dimethoate,phenol+chlorothalonil,benzene+chlorothalonil,benzene+grass Glyphosate;the combination of antagonistic effects are formaldehyde+Zn2+,phenol+Pb2+,benzene+Cd2+,benzene+Pb2+,dimethoate+Cd2+,glyphosate+Pb2+,benzene+dimethoate.The additive effect accounted for 48.5%of the test results;the synergistic effect accounted for 24.2%of the test results;the antagonistic effect accounted for 21.2%of the test results;no independent effect occurred.?3?20 groups of multiple?ternary and above?heterogeneous mixed effects showed that the combination of performance is:dimethoate+formaldehyde+Zn2+,dimethoate+phenol+Zn2+,dimethoate+benzene+Zn2+,formaldehyde+glyphosate+Pb2+,formaldehyde+benzene+phenol,formaldehyde+benzene+Cd2++Pb2+,dimethoate+glyphosate+Cd2++Pb2+,chlorothalonil+glyphosate+Zn2++Cu2+,formaldehyd e+benzene+glyphosate+dimethoate,formaldehyde+phenol+glyphosate+chlorothalonil,formaldehyde+dimethoate+Pb2++Zn2+,formaldehyde+phenol+benzene+dimethoate+chlorothalonil,phenol+benzene+chlorothalonil+Zn2++Cd2+;the synergistic combination is:formaldehyde+chlorothalonil+Pb2+,formaldehyde+benzene+Zn2++Cu2+,formaldehyde+dimethoate+glyphosate+Cd2+,formaldehyde+benzene+chlorothalonil+glyphosate+dimethoate,formaldehyde+benzene+Cd2++Cu2++Zn2+,benzene+glyphosate+chlorothalonil+Pb2++Cu2+;the combination of antagonism is chlorothalonil+glyphosate+Dimethoate.The additive effect accounted for 65%of the test results;synergy accounted for 30%of the test results;antagonism accounted for 5%of the test results.?4?The coexistence of binary to five-way toxicological indicators showed that the incidence of toxicity enhancement?addition+synergy?was 72.7%,85.7%,100%,100%,respectively.Among them,the synergistic effect ratio of the mixed system of organic matter and pesticide coexisting is obviously enhanced,which needs attention.?5?The recurrence rate of the first test results and the final result reproducibility of the 53 combinations are statistically calculated,which are 79.2%and 96%,respectively,indicating that the accuracy and stability of the technique are good,and the algae infrared technology is feasible for the joint action test..The experimental results show that the safety risks of drinking water increase when a variety of toxicological indicators coexist,and the safety risks of water quality and the ecological risks of water are positively correlated with the number of coexisting pollutants.The potential threat of joint action cannot be ignored. |
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