Study On The Application Of Air Curtain For Smoke Control In The Front Room Of Hotel Buildings

The scale of modern cities is expanding and the population is more concentrated.The high-rise and super-high-rise hotels are endless,which also poses challenges for their fire safety.In particular,the smoke in the fire poses a great threat to the safety of people's lives and property.In view of some shortcomings in the traditional measures to control the spread of smoke,the air curtain can not only effectively block the spread of smoke,but also has the advantages of not affecting the evacuation of people,material transportation and fire rescue.In-depth study of the air curtain performance is of great importance.The author summarizes the domestic and international research on the principle of air curtain in the application of smoke blocking and summarizes the diffusion process of flue gas in the corridor and the force acting on the front chamber door,and proposes that the air curtain is effectively used for blocking.The stress conditions that the smoke needs to meet.The paper studies the current types of common rooms in hotel buildings,establishes typical corridors and anterior chamber models to carry out FDS numerical simulation,and relies on the existing small-scale experimental bench to verify the rationality of the boundary conditions of FDS numerical simulation.The paper discusses the specific influence of air curtain performance on the air curtain smoke blocking effect.The air curtain jet velocity should be proper.The speed above 9m/s will cause vortex in the upstream air curtain,which is not conducive to personnel escape;when the jet angle is 0°,the air curtain has the best effect,and the smoke leakage is mainly at the end of the air curtain near the fire source;the width of the nozzle should not be too small and should be 0.2m.The paper proposes a momentum ratio R* suitable for the air curtain side to block the smoke,and discusses the relevant parameters affecting the air curtain smoke prevention effect,which proves that R*=10 is the optimal value of the air curtain to effectively block the side smoke.The best combination of the parameters of the air curtain that meets the momentum ratio is a jet velocity of 7 m/s,a jet angle of 0°,and a nozzle width of 0.2 m.Under this combination,the air curtain smoke rejection efficiency is 94.6%.The amount of air required to block the air curtain is 36.4% lower than that of the conventional front chamber positive pressure smoke control.The paper defines the optimal jet velocity U of the air curtain to effectively block the smoke,and discusses the relationship between the optimal jet velocity of the air curtain and the heat release rate of the fire source: that is,the air curtain is blown vertically and the air outlet width is guaranteed.When the temperature is constant,the optimal jet velocity of the air curtain is linear with the source power.