Study On The Construction And Performance Of Ester Compounds/Short-chain Alcohols/Water Green Surfactant-free Microemulsions

This thesis consists of four parts.The first part is the introduction,the second part is the structure and physicochemical properties of diethyl malonate/ethanol/water surfactant-free microemulsion,the third part is the phase behavior and application in the synthesis of calcium molybdate of a SFME system.And the fourth part is synthesis of barium molybdate and silicas with diethyl malonate/ethanol/water surfactant-free microemulsion as templates.?IntroductionThe definition,characterization,application and research progress of surfactant free microemulsions?SFMEs?are briefly described in this part.?Structure and physicochemical properties of diethyl malonate/ethanol/water surfactant-free microemulsionA surfactant-free microemulsion of diethyl malonate?DEM?/ethanol/water system was constructed.1.The ternary phase diagram of the SFME system was drawn by visual titration at 25?.2.By using conductivity method and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy,the single-phase region of the SFME was divided into three subregions:O/W,B.C.and W/O.3.Dynamic light scattering?DLS?measurement shows that there are droplet structures in the W/O and O/W regions,and the B.C.region is a network structure.The droplets size distribution was confirmed that both W/O droplets and O/W droplets would decrease in size with increasing oil content.4.The negatively stained SFME was observed by transmission electron microscopy?TEM?.It was found that the W/O droplets of the SFME were black spherical droplets,the B.C.area had a network structure,and the O/W droplets were white spherical droplets.5.The solubilization performance of CoCl₂ in W/O SFME was investigated.It was found that when the water content in SFME reached 0.10?mass fraction?,complete W/O droplets could be formed.The solubilization performance of CuCl₂ in W/O SFME was also investigated,and it was found that the polarity of the water core increased with increasing water content.6.It was determined that W/O microemulsions have a good solubilization capacity for inorganic salts?K₃Fe?CN?₆?and biomolecule?riboflavin?.?Phase behavior and application in the synthesis of calcium molybdate of a SFME system.Three surfactant-free microemulsion systems containing different amphoteric solvent?ethanol,propan-1-ol and propan-2-ol?were constructed.The phase behaviors of the systems were investigated,and nanomaterial CaMoO₄ was synthesized using these systems as templates.1.The ternary phase diagrams of the SFME systems were drawn by visual titration.It is found that the order of magnitude of the single-phase area of the three systems is:propan-1-ol>propan-2-ol>ethanol.The single-phase region of the three SFME systems can be divided into three regions:O/W,B.C.and W/O.2.The UV-visible absorption maximum(?_max)of methyl orange?MO?was determined in benzyl propionate/isopropanol/water system.It is found that as the oil content increases,the absorption wavelength decreases,which can be explained by the phase inversion of O/W,B.C.and W/O.3.It was observed by electron transmission electron microscopy that the W/O droplets showed a black spherical shape,the O/W droplets showed a white spherical shape,and B.C.had a network structure.4.The solubilization performance of CoCl₂ in the W/O SFME system was investigated.It was found that when the water content reached 0.10?mass fraction?,the water nuclei in the W/O droplets began to form.Benzyl propionate/propan-2-ol/water W/O SFME has the best solubilization performance for K₃Fe?CN?₆ and riboflavin.5.Nanomaterial CaMoO₄ was synthesized using W/O SFME benzyl propionate/propan-2-ol/water as a template.?Synthesis of barium molybdate and silica with diethyl malonate/ethanol/water surfactant-free microemulsion as templateBaMoO₄ and yolk-shell SiO₂ nanoparticle were synthesized using diethyl malonate/ethanol/water system as a template.1.In the W/O SFME,BaMoO₄ particles with a size of 50nm-200nm were synthesized.2.Solid and yolk-shell SiO₂ nanoparticles were synthesized in the O/W SFME of diethyl malonate/ethanol/water.It was found that the particle diameter would increase with increasing oil content.3.The etching properties of different etchants were investigated.It was found that HF had the shortest etching time.The growth mechanism of yolk-shell SiO₂ was discussed.