Effect Of Bilberry Anthocyanins On Estrogen Receptor Pathway In Premenopausal Rats

Bilberry anthocyanins(BA)is a kind of natural pigment extracted from the bilberry berries,which has the functions of anti-oxidant,anti-inflammatory,anti-cancer and other affects.In this experiment,middle-aged rats were selected as experimental subjects to determine the changes of various physiological functions and the relative expression of related genes in the estrogen receptor signaling pathway.The effects of bilberry anthocyanins on premenopausal rats and its possible mechanism were studied.Female SD rats aged 10-11 months were given different doses of BA(35 mg/(kgbw·d),70 mg/(kgbw·d),140 mg/(kgbw·d))and soybean isoflavone by gavage.The results showed that bilberry anthocyanins could effectively control the body weight of premenopausal rats and make it stable;bilberry anthocyanins can increase serum estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)levels,reduce serum luteinizing hormone(LH)levels and regulate serum sex hormone levels to a certain extent;bilberry anthocyanins can reduce serum malondialdehyde(MDA)levels,increase the activity of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)in liver tissues and catalase(CAT)in the serum,improving the antioxidant capacity of premenopausal rats;bilberry anthocyanins could promote follicular development,enrich glands and blood vessels,improve the physiological function of ovary and uterus;bilberry anthocyanins had significant effects on the high density lipoprotein(HDL-C),low density lipoprotein(LDL-C)and total cholesterol(TC),indicating that it can improve the level of blood lipid metabolism in premenopausal rats;bilberry anthocyanins could significantly reduce the level of 5-HT in hypothalamus,increase the content of dopamine(DA),decrease the activity of monoamine oxidase(MAO)and regulate the content of neurotransmitters.Bilberry anthocyanins increased the level of estrogen receptor(ER)and enhance extracellular regulated protein kinase(ERK2)by increasing the expression of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor(GPR30),thereby enhancing the expression of protein kinase B(AKT).It may be an important mechanism for alleviating women's perimenopausal syndrome,or it may be an important signal transduction pathway for reducing cardiovascular diseases and depression in perimenopausal women.This effect may be due to the chemical effect of bilberry anthocyanins on two estrogen receptors,suggesting that the anthocyanins can play an estrogen-like role and promote the expression of nuclear estrogen receptor(ER)and membrane estrogen receptor(GPR30),thereby improving the physiological functions of premenopausal rats.And synthesizing all physiological indicators,the effect of medium dose of BA is the best.With the increase of age,women are more and more at risk of perimenopausal syndrome,which is harmful to women's physical and mental health.In this research,we studied the health benefits of bilberry anthocyanins(BA)on the aging premenopausal SD rats.The results show that it can improve the serum sex hormone level,antioxidant capacity,lipid metabolism level and automatic nervous function of natural aging premenopausal rats through estrogen receptor signaling pathway.So it can be used as a dietary supplement for premenopausal women to alleviate the state of premenopausal period,and then have a beneficial impact on perimenopausal women.