Hypolipidemic Effect Of Hawthorn Combined With Sterol Ester And Functional Red Yeast Rice

In this study,three kinds of natural products with hypolipidemic activity like hawthorn,phytosterol ester and functional red yeast rice were combined to explore the effect and mechanism of preventing hyperlipidemia under a long-term high-fat diet.Six-week-old SPF grade male hamsters were selected for the experiment,which were divided into normal group(N)for nomal feeds,model group(C)for high fat feeds,hawthorn group(A)for high fat feeds added 2%hawthorn powder,hawthorn combined with low-dose sterol ester group(B)for high fat feeds added 2%hawthorn powder and 0.3%sterol ester,hawthorn combined with high-dose sterol ester group(D)for high fat feeds added 2%hawthorn powder and 0.6%sterol ester,hawthorn combined with sterol ester and low-dose functional red yeast rice group(E)for high fat feeds added 2%hawthorn powder,0.3%sterol ester and 0.15%functional red yeast rice,hawthorn combined with sterol ester and high-dose functional red yeast rice group(F)for high fat feeds added 2%hawthorn powder,0.3%sterol ester and 0.3%functional red yeast rice.The hamsters were weighted and measured blood lipid from inner canthus every 2 weeks.The experimental animals were sacrificed after 8 weeks.Blood lipid indexes were measured,including TC,TG and HDL-C.Calculate non-HDL-C,organ indexes,lipid weight indexes,AI and lipid composite indexes.Determined of liver function indicators include serum cholinesterase(CHE),alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST).The total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,catalase(CAT)activity and malondialdehyde(MDA)production in serum were measured.TC and TG in liver and feces,and cholic acid in feces were determined.Observing liver and aortic pathology.The expression of cholesterol metabolism genes were detected with real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The results showed that combined with hawthorn contained 5.0%total flavonoids and 2.7%total triterpenes,phytosterol esters are 90%pure sunflower seed sterol esters and monacolink 2.5%in functional monascus could effectively control the weight increased,liver index increased and brain index decreased(p<0.01).Decreased serum TC,TG,and non-HDL-C level(p<0.01),improved the level of HDL-C(p<0.05).Decreased arteriosclerosis index and lipid composite index(p<0.01).The serum CHE and AST activity were significantly reduced(p<0.01)and ALT activity was significantly reduced(p<0.05).Significantly increased serum T-AOC(p<0.01),SOD(p<0.05),CAT(p<0.01)activity and eliminated MDA production in vivo(p<0.01).Reduced the accumulation of TC(p<0.01)and TG(p<0.05)in the liver.Increased TC,TG and cholic acid were excreted with feces(p<0.01).Protected the cellular structure of liver tissue and reduce atherosclerosis.Through the detection by RT-PCR the genes could promote bile acid conversion and excretion as CYP7A1(p<0.05),LXR(p<0.05),PPAR?(p<0.05)and FXR(p<0.01)increased significantly.The genes could reduce cholesterol absorption like NPC1L1,LIMA1 and ACAT2 increased significantly(p<0.05).HMG-CoA-R and SREBP2 which could promote cholesterol self-synthesisdecreased significantly(p<0.01).The results showed that the tested substance could prevent hyperlipidemia by three ways:increasing excretion,decreasing intake and decreasing synthesis.